Smart materials, also known as intelligent materials, which are responsive to the external stimuli including heat, moisture, stress, pH, and magnetic fields, have found extensive applications in sensors, actuators, soft robots, medical devices and artificial muscles. Using three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for fabrication of smart devices allows for complex designs and well-controlled manufacturing processes. 4D printing is attributed to the 3D printing of smart materials that can be significantly transformed over time. Herein the smart materials including hydrogels and polymeric nanocomposites used in 4D printing were reviewed and the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the functionalities were discussed in detail. In this report, 4D printing of smart systems and their applications in sensors, actuators and biomedical devices were reviewed to provide a deeper understanding of the current development and the future outlook.
Metrics
496 File views/ downloads
356 Record Views
Details
Title
Smart polymers and nanocomposites for 3D and 4D printing
Creators
Mojtaba Falahati (Author)
Parvaneh Ahmadvand (Author)
Shahriar Safaee (Author)
Yu-Chung Chang (Author)
Zhaoyuan Lyu (Author)
Roland Chen (Author)
Lei Li (Author)
Yuehe Lin (Author)
Publication Details
Materials today, Vol.40, pp.215-245
Academic Unit
School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Identifiers
99900502809801842
Copyright
In copyright ; openAccess ; http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ; http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess