Book chapter
Henipavirus Membrane Fusion and Viral Entry
Henipavirus, pp.79-94
Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Springer Berlin Heidelberg
03/17/2012
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/114501
PMID: 22427111
Abstract
Nipah (NiV) and Hendra (HeV) viruses cause cell–cell fusion (syncytia) in brain, lung, heart, and kidney tissues, leading to encephalitis, pneumonia, and often death. Membrane fusion is essential to both viral entry and virus-induced cell–cell fusion, a hallmark of henipavirus infections. Elucidiation of the mechanism(s) of membrane fusion is critical to understanding henipavirus pathobiology and has the potential to identify novel strategies for the development of antiviral therapeutic agents. Henipavirus membrane fusion requires the coordinated actions of the viral attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins. Current henipavirus fusion models posit that attachment of NiV or HeV G to its cell surface receptors releases F from its metastable pre-fusion conformation to mediate membrane fusion. The identification of ephrinB2 and ephrinB3 as henipavirus receptors has paved the way for recent advances in our understanding of henipavirus membrane fusion. These advances highlight mechanistic similarities and differences between membrane fusion for the henipavirus and other genera within the Paramyxoviridae family. Here, we review these mechanisms and the current gaps in our knowledge in the field.
Metrics
5 Record Views
Details
- Title
- Henipavirus Membrane Fusion and Viral Entry
- Creators
- Hector C Aguilar - Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, USARonald M Iorio - Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA
- Publication Details
- Henipavirus, pp.79-94
- Academic Unit
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health
- Series
- Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
- Publisher
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg; Berlin, Heidelberg
- Identifiers
- 99900547334701842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Book chapter