Review
Important roles for angiotensin III and IV in the brain renin-angiotensin system
Brain Research Reviews, Vol.25(1), pp.96-124
1997
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/109960
PMID: 9370053
Abstract
Considerable evidence now suggests that the precursors and enzymes necessary for the formation and degradation of biologically active forms of angiotensins are present in brain tissues, accompanied by at least three specific binding sites. It also appears that several forms of angiotensin may serve as signaling agents at these sites. There is accumulating support for the notion that AngII must be converted to AngIII in order to bind at the AT
1 and AT
2 receptor subtypes, and AngIII must be converted to AngIV in order to activate the AT
4 receptor subtype. Further, AngII(1–7) may activate a separate binding site concerned with antidiuresis, however, characterization of this site has not been completed. The AT
1 site appears to mediate the classic angiotensin functions concerned with body water balance, maintenance of blood pressure, and cyclicity of reproductive hormones and sexual behaviors. This receptor site also exerts some control over the secretion of pituitary hormones. Less is known about the functional importance of the AT
2 site, however, it has been implicated in vascular growth, control of blood flow, and perhaps modulation of NMDA receptors. The AT
4 site is heavily distributed in neocortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia structures, as well as several peripheral tissues. This site appears to mediate memory acquisition and retrieval, the regulation of blood flow, neurite outgrowth, angiogenesis, and kidney function. In addition to the well-studied functions of the brain renin-angiotensin system, additional less well investigated responses are reviewed. These include electrophysiological activation, tachyphylaxis, long term potentiation, learning and memory, and cognitive affect.
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Details
- Title
- Important roles for angiotensin III and IV in the brain renin-angiotensin system
- Creators
- John W WrightJoseph W Harding
- Publication Details
- Brain Research Reviews, Vol.25(1), pp.96-124
- Academic Unit
- Psychology, Department of; Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Identifiers
- 99900547131401842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Review