Review
Lysophospholipase D and its role in LPA production
Cellular Signalling, Vol.16(9), pp.975-981
2004
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/105991
PMID: 15212758
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important lipid mediator that binds to G-protein-coupled receptors of the Edg family, inducing proliferation and migration in many cell lines. Much has been learned about pathways involved in LPA signaling, but the pathways responsible for LPA production remain to be fully resolved. Several potential routes have been proposed for LPA production. One involves the sequential actions of phopholipase D (PLD) and phospholipase A
2 (PLA
2). Another route involves the sequential actions of PLA
2 and lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD). LysoPLD is defined as an enzyme which hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce LPA. Two major forms of lysoPLD, microsomal and extracellular forms, have been reported. A microsomal lysoPLD plays an important role in the metabolism of platelet-activating factor (PAF) because of its preference for alkyl-phospholipids. The extracellular form of lysoPLD coexists with its substrate, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), in the extracellular compartment. LysoPLDs purified from the extracellular space have recently been shown to be molecularly identical to autotaxin (ATX). ATX, an enzyme previously known to possess 5′-nucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities, was subsequently shown to have lysoPLD activity. The unexpected linkage of the extracellular lysoPLD with ATX has raised many interesting questions. The characterization and purification of lysoPLDs are reviewed here.
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Details
- Title
- Lysophospholipase D and its role in LPA production
- Creators
- Yuhuan XieKathryn E Meier
- Publication Details
- Cellular Signalling, Vol.16(9), pp.975-981
- Academic Unit
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Identifiers
- 99900546726201842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Review