Dissertation
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF POLYMERS: HIGH TOUGHNESS BIOCOMPOSITES AND OPTICAL-INTEGRATED BIOSENSING DEVICES
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2020
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/118424
Abstract
The additive manufacturing sector has actively explored an expansion in high-performance materials in recent years, particularly for polymers, including high-performance thermoplastics and elastomer. On the other hand, 3D-printed biosensing devices are trending to meet the emergent on-site rapid detection need. There are two research areas in this dissertation covered: Additive manufacturing of novel high toughness biocomposites and optical-integrated biosensing devices.
Polylactic acid (PLA) and silicone rubber are widely used in extrusion-based additive manufacturing (3D printing), such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) and direct ink writing (DIW), because both materials meet facile processing requirements and have high 3D printability. However, both materials limit their application in high impact toughness products due to their intrinsic material properties. PLA thermoplastic is inherently brittle and silicone rubber is soft with low compressive strength. In Chapters 2 and 3, the objective is to add a sustainable filler, oil-extracted spent coffee grounds (Ox-SCGs), into PLA and silicone rubber to enhance their impact toughness. This is the first time the energy absorption capability of Ox-SCGs has been investigated. The PLA and silicone rubber composites showed a significant enhancement in the impact toughness at high strain rates. These new 3D printable biocomposites enable applications that require high impact toughness such as personalized prosthetics, safety equipment, shock-absorbing materials, etc.
In Chapters 4 and 5, we demonstrate 3D printed optical-integrated biosensing devices for single detection and multiple detections on site: (1) lens-less smartphone spectrum apparatus (LeSSA) in Chapter 4, and (2) multichannel smartphone spectrometer (MSS) in Chapter 5. Both LeSSA and MSS are 3D printed with optical components and novel prism array and validated on the performance by running tests of neurotoxin, cancer biomarkers, and human autoimmune diseases. As a result, both devices are achieved clinical level of accuracy and sensitivity compared to the gold-standard laboratory based instruments. The low-energy-consumption and low-cost LeSSA and MSS can be integrated into various point-of-care diagnostic systems for instant and multiplex detection in situ.
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Details
- Title
- ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF POLYMERS: HIGH TOUGHNESS BIOCOMPOSITES AND OPTICAL-INTEGRATED BIOSENSING DEVICES
- Creators
- Yu-Chung Chang
- Contributors
- Yuehe Lin (Advisor)Scott P Beckman (Committee Member)Kuen-Ren (Roland) Chen (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Materials Science and Engineering Program
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 189
- Identifiers
- 99900581412201842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation