ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF INVERTER-BASED RESOURCES IN POWER SYSTEM

Saugat Ghimire

Electricity remains the most extensively utilized form of energy worldwide. The globaltransition toward clean energy has driven rapid transformations in electric power systems, primarily through the widespread integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) such as wind, solar, and battery energy storage systems. Unlike conventional synchronous generators, IBRs rely on power electronic converters with distinct operational and control characteristics. Consequently, as IBR penetration increases, their influence on system dynamics becomes more significant, necessitating refined modeling and analysis for secure and reliable operation, planning, and control of power systems. Accurate mathematical models play a central role in understanding system behavior. However, detailed models often impose substantial computational burdens, particularly when representing large-scale interconnected systems. To ensure feasibility, simplified models are typically derived under assumptions about operating conditions, dominant dynamics, and time-scale separations. These assumptions may lose validity as system characteristics evolve, leading to discrepancies between model predictions and observed behaviors. The rising integration of IBR plants is altering grid behavior by introducing new and fast-acting controls that make the overall system dynamics significantly faster and more complex, and thereby challenge the conventional modeling and analysis assumptions. This dissertation enhances the dynamic modeling of IBR plants to more accurately capture their actual behavior. The dissertation first develops a phasor measurement unit (PMU)–based model validation framework that identifies and calibrates inaccurate parameters in existing IBR dynamic models, minimizing mismatches between simulated and measured system responses. The subsequent parts of the dissertation examine the influence of communication delays and signal sampling on the small-signal stability of IBR-dominated power systems. The analysis characterizes the distinct impacts of these factors, explains observed oscillatory phenomena, and proposes strategies for mitigating their adverse effects. Finally, the work introduces a novel small-signal stability analysis framework that explicitly incorporates multiple communication delays and multi-rate sampling, offering a comprehensive modeling and assessment methodology suitable for future IBR-rich bulk power systems.

ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF INVERTER-BASED RESOURCES IN POWER SYSTEM

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