Dissertation
Antioxidant gene expression and mitochondrial function during [beta]-oxidation in beef cattle
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
05/2008
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000005890
Abstract
Elevated [beta]-oxidation leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. Many genes can help protect from damage sustained during this physiological state. To investigate the effect of fat mobilization on oxidative stress and gene expression in skeletal muscle, Angus cows were examined during weight loss and weight maintenance. At both physiological states, body weight, serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity, and mRNA levels of target genes in the Biceps femoris were measured. When cows were losing weight, serum NEFA levels were higher but SOD and Gpx activity did not change compared to weight maintenance. Expression of the NEFA responsive signaling proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) [alpha], [delta] and [gamma] increased during weight loss. Expression of the [beta]-oxidation genes, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, fatty acid-binding protein 3, and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 was highest during weight loss. Though antioxidant enzyme activity did not change, mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase 4, selenoprotein W and thioredoxin reductase expression increased during weight loss. During weight loss cows also had higher expression of the novel antioxidant genes: uncoupling proteins 2 and 3, tumor protein 53, nuclear respiratory factor 1, PPAR-gamma coactivator 1 [alpha] and estrogen-related receptor [alpha]. During increased [beta]-oxidation in cattle, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity does not change, but expression of genes that play a key role in protecting skeletal muscle against oxidative stress increase.
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Details
- Title
- Antioxidant gene expression and mitochondrial function during [beta]-oxidation in beef cattle
- Creators
- Kristen M. Brennan
- Contributors
- Kristen A. Johnson (Chair)Ronald L Kincaid (Committee Member)Zhihua Jiang (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Department of Animal SciencesJon J Ramsey (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Department of Animal Sciences
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 166
- Identifiers
- 99901055036101842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation