Dissertation
BIOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF 3D PRINTED COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMOPREVENTATIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2019
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/16812
Abstract
Creation of bone scaffolds remains a critical challenge in the biomedical field. The first objective of this research is to understand the implementation of naturally sourced materials in 3DP bioresorbable scaffolds and their effect on mechanical and in vitro properties using a slurry-based solid freeform fabricator (SFF). Starch loading improved compressive strength from 4.07 ± 0.66 MPa to 10.35 MPa ± 1.10 MPa, more closely resembling the mechanical properties of cancellous bone, and enhanced osteoblast cell proliferation was achieved in the presence of starch and PCL. Through the assessment of different starch binder systems, compressive strengths were achieved up to 12.49 + 0.22 MPa through the implementation of higher amylose content. Through the design and building of a dual extrusion SFF, nacre and HA in conjugation with a starch binder system were utilized to create resorbable bone scaffolds with enhanced mechanical and biological properties. Nacre scaffold dissolution was assessed up to 7 weeks, where the increase in nacre loading was shown to improve mechanical strength from 9.46 ± 0.13 MPa to 11.73 ± 0.18 MPa. Nacre composite scaffolds were also found to increase human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cellular attachment by Day 11, suggesting the promotion of cellular attachment and viability via biomineralization.
The second objective of this research was to determine the effects of novel chemopreventative agents on in vitro osteoblast and osteosarcoma cell viability and morphology. Sustained release of crocin, bicarbonate, and chitosan was achieved over seven weeks in physiological and acidic environments. Through morphological characterization and MTT assay analysis, bicarbonate and chitosan showed no toxicity to human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells and crocin significantly enhanced osteoblast proliferation. Through drug concentration optimization, all drug loaded samples decreased human osteosarcoma (MG-63) viability by 50% compared to control samples by Day 11, with clear changes in cell spreading and morphology. Through morphological characterization and MTT assay analysis, chitosan showed no toxicity to human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells. This suggests a pro-apoptotic mechanism against osteosarcoma for all drug candidates as well as the potential clinical application of crocin, bicarbonate, and chitosan as a drug candidate in ceramic scaffolds at tumor resected sites.
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Details
- Title
- BIOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF 3D PRINTED COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMOPREVENTATIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
- Creators
- Caitlin McKenzie Koski
- Contributors
- Susmita Bose (Advisor)Amit Bandyopadhyay (Committee Member)Yuehe Lin (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Materials Science and Engineering Program
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 200
- Identifiers
- 99900581416101842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation