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CONDITIONS AND FACTORS MODERATING MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING: A META-ANALYSIS AND META-REGRESSION
Dissertation

CONDITIONS AND FACTORS MODERATING MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING: A META-ANALYSIS AND META-REGRESSION

Adnan F Saad Mohamed
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
2023
pdf
AM Dissertation Final
Embargoed Access, Embargo ends: 07/06/2028 CC BY-NC V4.0

Abstract

The primary aim of this study is twofold. The first objective is to examine the effect of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on student outcomes. The second objective is to compare the effect of MALL with three control conditions—computer-based learning (CBL), MALL minus feature (MMF), and paper-based learning (PBL)—to determine whether the control conditions influence the effect of MALL. This meta-analysis synthesized 71 primary studies with 88 effect sizes and 4,295 participants. The included studies were published between 2009 and 2022. The overall effect of MALL was large and statistically significant, g = 0.82. The univariate meta-regression results revealed that the device type and target language were significant moderators of the overall effect of MALL. The study also found that the effect of MALL varied depending on the control conditions. The effects of MALL were large, as compared to CBL (g = 0.98) and PBL (g = 0.92), but only moderate-to-small as compared to MMF (g = 0.45). Moderator analyses indicated that application type, assessment type, and target language influenced the effect of MALL across all comparison conditions. However, other examined moderators' significance depended on the comparison condition (e.g., feedback was only significant in the PBL comparison contrast). The study offers recommendations for application developers, practitioners, and researchers to improve language learning outcomes across target languages and learning contexts.

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