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CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Dissertation
Camelina Breeding and Genetics
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000002463
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/119768
Abstract
Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) is an annual oilseed crop that displays remarkable adaptability to a wide range of environmental conditions and posseses several promising agronomic traits for production. However, little is currently known regarding genetic control of important agronomic and seed quality traits, and existing camelina cultivars are considered quite primitive. One of the biggest challenges to modern camelina production is its small seed size and its sensitivity to herbicides. Additionally, elevated erucic acid (22:1) content in current camelina cultivars (2-4%) exceeds the 2% threshold allowed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as a food additive, greatly limiting potential end uses and profitability of camelina crops.
This dissertation sought to improve current camelina cultivars utilizing both modern and traditional plant breeding techniques. An herbicide tolerant (HT) line, WA-HT1, was developed that exhibited similar or better agronomic performance to current camelina cultivars grown commercially in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), while also exhibiting tolerance to both imazethapyr and sulfosulfuron (group 2) herbicides. A low erucic acid content (LE) line was developed that exhibited significantly lower (approximately 0.6%) erucic acid content and significantly higher oil content, while also displaying comparable agronomic performance as current cultivars. A group of large seeded (LS) lines, WA-LS1 through WA-LS5, were developed that displayed similar agronomic performance to check varieties, while exhibiting significantly larger (seed area, length, and width) and heavier (seed mass) than current cultivars. WA-LE1 and WA-LS1-5 are also homozygous for the HT trait. All of these lines made necessary improvements to current camelina cultivars and should facilitate the expansion of camelina production and profitably in the PNW.
Another major hindrance to current camelina breeding efforts is a lack of knowledge of the genetic control of important agronomic and seed quality traits. Therefore, the final chapter of this work evaluated a diverse collection of spring camelina accessions using a novel field trial approach to generate phenotypic data of important agronomic and seed quality traits. This phenotypic data was utilized to conduct a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for many of the phenotypic traits of interest.
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Details
- Title
- Camelina Breeding and Genetics
- Creators
- Wilson Allarick Craine
- Contributors
- Scot H Hulbert (Advisor)Zhiwu Zhang (Committee Member)Kevin M Murphy (Committee Member)Deven R See (Committee Member)Sindhuja Sankaran (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Crop and Soil Sciences, Department of
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 110
- Identifiers
- 99900606856801842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation