Dissertation
DEVELOPMENT OF PAPER-BASED ISOTACHOPHORESIS TECHNOLOGY FOR DISEASE BIOMARKER DETECTION
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2019
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/117815
Abstract
This dissertation consists of five chapters directed to the application of isotachophoresis technology to paper-based lateral flow assays for the detection of disease biomarkers. The first chapter introduces the current state of detection of noncommunicable diseases and the importance of developing point of care tests for cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The first chapter also introduces the advantages of paper-based assays, the current limitations of paper-based assays, and a discussion of how isotachophoresis may address the current limitations of paper-based assays. Chapter 2 explores an approach for analyzing negatively charged proteins using paper-based cationic ITP. The approach of chapter 2 uses negatively charged bovine serum albumin as a model target protein in cationic ITP experiments to demonstrate that immunoglobulin G (IgG) may be used to selectively bind to negatively charged target proteins, thereby conferring positive charge to the target protein and enabling separation and focusing of the IgG-target protein complex under cationic ITP conditions. Chapter 3 discusses a paper-based cascade cationic ITP technology for detecting cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and troponin T (cTnT) simultaneously, with different concentrations of cTnI/cTnT spiked into human serum to determine the sensitivity and enrichment factors of the device. Compared to single analyte methods, multiplex assays, such as that described in chapter 3, not only reduce assay time, decrease sample consumption, and increase robustness, but also improve the specificity of the assays. Chapter 4 discusses a paper-based anionic ITP for rapid isolation and analysis of exosomes from malignant cells and healthy cells. For proof of concept, exosomes from healthy human serum and a prostate cancer cell line were labeled with different fluorescent labels and mixed to prove that the technology developed in this thesis is capable of detecting tumor cell derived exosomes. The approach developed in chapter 4 has the potential to be developed into a point of care testing device for early cancer diagnosis. Lastly, Chapter 5 gives a summary of the research examined in the dissertation and discusses possible future work to improve the performance of paper-based ITP device for point-of-care diagnostics.
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Details
- Title
- DEVELOPMENT OF PAPER-BASED ISOTACHOPHORESIS TECHNOLOGY FOR DISEASE BIOMARKER DETECTION
- Creators
- Shuang Guo
- Contributors
- Wen-Ji Dong (Advisor)Cornelius F. Ivory (Committee Member)Bernard Van Wie (Committee Member)Lei Li (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 140
- Identifiers
- 99900581618501842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation