Dissertation
Dietary goal setting among Latinos and Caucasians with type 2 diabetes
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
05/2007
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000005767
Abstract
This research investigated patient experiences with goal setting as an approach to diabetes dietary self-management among Latinos and Caucasians with type 2 diabetes. In a preliminary qualitative stage of the project, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with male and female Latinos (n=10) and a comparison Caucasian group (n=8) from a community clinic to identify goal setting experiences and related influences derived from Social Cognitive Theory. Preliminary findings were used to develop a survey for a follow-up quantitative stage. Survey respondents were male and female Latino (n=50) and Caucasian (n=50) patients with type 2 diabetes who had received diabetes education (DE) within the last 18 months at a similar clinic. Data collection included a 40-item questionnaire, a one-time A1C value, and selected cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors from medical records. No significant ethnic differences occurred with CVD risk factors; however, mean A1C value was higher for Latino (8.7%) than Caucasian patients (7.8%) (p<0.05). Latino patients (96%) were more likely than Caucasians (68%) to receive a food plan (FP) from a health care provider (p<0.001), and reported different experiences with DE compared to Caucasians. Ordinal logistic regression models tested three dependent variables representing dietary outcomes of DE. In the first model, more frequent FP adherence was predicted by greater FP satisfaction, greater adoption of a dietary pattern emphasizing vegetables and smaller meals, less frequent barriers to eating socially, and greater physical activity adherence (model p<0.0001, R2 = 0.49). In another model, stage of change for a FP as an indicator of FP adoption was positively predicted by greater patient influence on choosing final FP goals during DE, adoption of a dietary pattern of modifying fat, sugar, and fiber, and a pattern of personal motivators reflecting clinical and physical signs of improved diabetes control (model p<0.0001, R2 = 0.26). Lastly, FP goal attainment, the extent that patients were following a FP relative to what they said they would do initially, related positively to greater FP satisfaction and greater goal attainment for overall diabetes self-management (model p<0.0001, R2 = 0.39). Findings suggest several applications for DE with Latinos and outcome measures useful to DE programs.
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Details
- Title
- Dietary goal setting among Latinos and Caucasians with type 2 diabetes
- Creators
- Kathaleen R. Briggs Early
- Contributors
- Jill Armstrong Shultz (Chair)Sue Nicholson Butkus (Committee Member) - Washington State University, WSU Extension Youth and FamiliesCindy Corbett (Committee Member)Linda K Massey (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyMarc Alexander Evans (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Department of Mathematics and Statistics
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 170
- Identifiers
- 99901054760701842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation