Dissertation
ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL MANIPULATION OF CORTICAL NETWORK STATES IN VITRO
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2014
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/5169
Abstract
Despite its profound impact on humanity, very little is known about the cellular and biochemical regulation sleep. A local use-dependent theory of sleep posits that sleep-wake cycling emerges through the consolidation and synchronization of local network state changes that are mechanistically driven by neuronal and glial activity-induced genes. The brain tracks previous cellular activity through extracellular adenosine tri-phosphate and the release of sleep regulatory substances such as the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF).
The basis of local sleep, network state changes, can be studied in cortical cultures in vitro. Many of the same characteristics used in vivo to describe sleep can be measured in vitro and be manipulated using electrical, optogenetic, and chemical stimulation. In vitro networks also display a similar emergence of these characteristics over development suggesting that in vitro network maturation mimics in vivo ontogeny. While the default state of the in vitro network is sleep-like with many bursts and little random firing, providing suitable input can cause fast and long-lasting changes in network state. These changes are dependent on the stimulation parameters (including pattern of stimulation) and culture environment (e.g., in the presence of exogenous TNF).
Cellular cultures allow for diverse applications with greater control over experimental conditions while avoiding limitations imposed by whole animal work. Establishing in vitro neural correlates of whole animal sleep paves the way for studying sleep and sleep pathologies within simplified local networks.
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Details
- Title
- ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL MANIPULATION OF CORTICAL NETWORK STATES IN VITRO
- Creators
- Kathryn Anne Jewett
- Contributors
- James M Krueger (Advisor)Mark R Opp (Committee Member)Sandip Roy (Committee Member)Jonathan P Wisor (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Program in Neuroscience
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 159
- Identifiers
- 99900581736301842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation