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Dissertation
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ION TRANSMISSION IN HIGHER ORDER MATHIEU SPACE STABILITY ZONES USING A DIGITALLY OPERATED QUADRUPOLE MASS FILTER ANALYZER
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
05/2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000006490
Abstract
Quadrupole mass filters and guides are integral components in many mass spectrometers. These mass filters are typically operated with sinusoidal waveforms applied to the electrodes. In a quadrupole mass filter, opposing electrodes are electrically connected, and each pair receives RF potentials that are 180° out of phase from the other pair. By applying a DC and RF potential, it is possible to narrow the range of stable masses, the stable mass window can be further narrowed by changing the ratio of DC to RF potential and an effective mass filter can be created by ramping both voltages at a fixed frequency. Opposing the conventional technique, mass filters operated with digitally produced waveforms with the frequency varied and the RF and DC potentials fixed can create stable mass windows of variable width by manipulating the duty cycle of the RF waveform on both electrode pairs without applying a static DC potential between the rods. In most analytical techniques, such as the sine-driven mass filter, resolution comes at the cost of transmission or signal intensity. The main advantage of changing the duty cycle is the ability to access narrower stable mass windows in higher order Mathieu space stability zones. At equivalent mass windows and AC voltage, the digitally operated quadrupole theoretically outperforms the traditional sinusoidal quadrupole in terms of the transmission of ions through the mass filter. This work demonstrated the capabilities of digitally operated quadrupole mass filters in their capacity to achieve high resolution and transmission of ions by changing the duty cycle of the RF waveform and experimental parameters such as AC voltage and ion beam energy. This work discusses the experimental limitations of higher order stability zones in terms of operating and scan parameters. Lastly, this work also explored the ability to increase ion transmission in the digital quadrupole mass filter using only RF waveform duty cycle manipulation. This insight into the capacity and limitations of digitally operated quadrupole mass filters operating in higher order stability zones demonstrated in this work intends to add to the growing application and development of future of digitally operated quadrupole techniques.
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Details
- Title
- EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ION TRANSMISSION IN HIGHER ORDER MATHIEU SPACE STABILITY ZONES USING A DIGITALLY OPERATED QUADRUPOLE MASS FILTER ANALYZER
- Creators
- Sumeet Chakravorty
- Contributors
- Brian H Clowers (Chair) - Washington State University, Department of ChemistryAdam P. Huntley (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Department of ChemistryUrsula Mazur (Committee Member)Jeremy J Lessmann (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Department of Chemistry
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Department of Chemistry
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 145
- Identifiers
- 99901122438901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation