GENETIC ANALYSIS OF END-USE QUALITY TRAITS IN SOFT WHITE WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Kendra Lyn Gregory Jernigan

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used in diverse baked products that require specific end use quality traits. Kernel texture, flour water absorption capacity, gluten strength, starch composition, and other flour constituents all influence overall flour functionality and dough rheology, specifying both wheat market class and intended end product. Wheat breeders need to develop cultivars with superior end-use quality traits, while also optimizing important agronomic traits. Our first objective was to use a genetic linkage map and 207 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a soft white ‘Coda’ by ‘Brundage’ cross to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain, milling, and baking traits. The linkage map was developed using 570 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and 136 simple sequence repeat markers. The RILs were grown in five locations in Idaho and Washington from 2006 to 2013. We detected three QTL on chromosomes 2D, 4B, and 6B that were consistently associated with multiple end-use quality traits. Our second objective was to use a genetic linkage map and 131 RILs from a soft white ‘Louise’ by ‘Alpowa’ cross to identify QTL associated with arabinoxylan content and milling traits. The linkage map consisted of 924 SNPs and 41 linkage groups. This population was grown in three Washington locations from 2011 to 2012. We detected 28 QTL associated with seven arabinoxylan content and milling traits. Our third objective was to use 480 advanced breeding lines and Pacific Northwest cultivars to identify molecular markers associated with 21 end-use quality traits. Genotypic data from the iSelect 90K SNP chip was combined with best linear unbiased predictions of historic phenotypic data from the USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory. Genome-wide association mapping in the R package, genome association and prediction integrated tool (GAPIT), detected significant markers for multiple end-use quality traits on chromosomes1B, 1D, 2D, 5A, 5B, and 7A. An improved understanding of the genetic architecture underlying end-use quality traits in wheat may assist breeders with cultivar development for superior end-use quality, particularly by increasing frequencies of favorable alleles in breeding populations. Cultivars with superior end-use quality will allow US wheat producers to maintain domestic and international markets.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF END-USE QUALITY TRAITS IN SOFT WHITE WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

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