Measuring and Enabling Cyber-Physical Resiliency of Electric Transmission Systems

Tushar Tushar

Impact caused by a natural disaster or a man-made intrusion (like cyber intrusion), on the critical infrastructure, like electric power grid, leads to a huge economic loss in the nation. Thus, it is very important to monitor and analyze the performance of such systems. There is still no clear methodology to define and quantify the resilience of power systems especially for transmission systems. Power system resiliency in this work refers to the ability of the network to minimize the impacts of infrequently occurring adverse events to sustain critical/priority loads in the system. A lot of work has been carried out to quantify the resilience for distribution systems. This dissertation aims to quantify the resiliency in w.r.t transmission networks. The concept of cyber and physical resilience, individually, to combine the effect of communication infrastructure on physical power systems is introduced. This resiliency quantification can then be used to determine and devise suitable control mechanisms to minimize the effect of unfavourable events on the grid. The proposed physical resiliency metric is based on both system infrastructure and operating conditions that enables it to be updated with changing conditions in the system. A graph theory based approach is used to quantify the redundancy and vulnerabilities in the physical network of the system. An analogous approach is used to quantify the cyber resiliency. The results indicate the capability of the proposed framework to quantify cyber-physical resilience of transmission systems. The proposed framework is made modular such that new features could be added to the resiliency formulation as required by the user. Techniques to enable resiliency is also discussed with emphasis on the use of special protection schemes. A remedial action scheme is designed to curtail excess wind optimally, in order to limit excess power flow on the transmission lines. The RAS algorithm is mathematically distributed to improve the system resiliency during single-point failure. The algorithm is fully implemented and validated on the proposed test bed consisting of Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS), Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and routers with real-time distributed computing platform. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through various offline and online simulation on different test systems. A novel measurement and topology based voltage stability assessment technique is also discussed in this dissertation. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach.

Measuring and Enabling Cyber-Physical Resiliency of Electric Transmission Systems

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