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Dissertation
NATURAL MEDICINAL COMPOUNDS IN 3D PRINTED SCAFFOLDS AND SURFACE MODIFIED TITANIUM IMPLANTS TO ENHANCE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
07/2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000007064
Abstract
This research aims to explore the potential impacts of various natural compounds, including curcumin, garlic extract, vitamin C, acemannan, carvacrol, and vitamin D3, when released from calcium phosphate-based materials, on both laboratory and real-life biological functions relevant to bone tissue engineering. It suggests employing a localized drug delivery approach using calcium phosphates (CaPs) for bone defects resulting from injury or tumor removal due to their ability to promote bone growth and integration. Specifically, three-dimensional printed (3DP) tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is tailored for customizable implants in areas with low mechanical stress, while plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coated Ti6Al4V (Ti64) is suited for load-bearing implant applications. These implant systems are enriched with natural medicinal compounds and magnesium oxide (MgO) to enhance their biological and mechanical properties. Acemannan-loaded 3DP TCP scaffolds notably enhance in vitro bone formation, inhibit bone-degrading cell activity, and exhibit potential for preventing cancer. Acemannan promotes the expression of genes associated with bone formation for 16 days, leading to the differentiation of bone-forming cells while simultaneously suppressing the differentiation of bone-degrading cells. Incorporating acemannan into CaP matrices enhances bone formation in rabbit femur defects. Furthermore, acemannan-functionalized implants exhibit bone-forming, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties in laboratory settings. The biological effects of curcumin are enhanced when combined with vitamin C, showing synergistic bone regeneration in a rat femur defect model. Vitamin C demonstrates bone-forming properties in laboratory conditions by promoting genes involved in bone formation while suppressing the expression of a bone-degrading factor. When acemannan is combined with MgO-doped TCP scaffolds, the resulting functionalized scaffolds improve the proliferation of bone-forming cells in laboratory tests. Moreover, the release of acemannan from these scaffolds reduces the viability of bone-degrading cells over time and enhances new bone formation and blood vessel growth in a rat model. Including garlic extract also enhances the viability of bone-forming cells in laboratory settings. Garlic extract and carvacrol release from these scaffolds inhibit the differentiation of bone-degrading cells by reducing the expression of a key factor involved in their formation. These findings suggest that calcium phosphate-based substrates loaded with natural medicinal compounds have the potential to promote bone healing while also exhibiting anti-cancer and antimicrobial properties, thus making them promising candidates for functionalized implants.
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Details
- Title
- NATURAL MEDICINAL COMPOUNDS IN 3D PRINTED SCAFFOLDS AND SURFACE MODIFIED TITANIUM IMPLANTS TO ENHANCE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
- Creators
- Ujjayan Majumdar
- Contributors
- SUSMITA BOSE (Chair)AMIT BANDYOPADHYAY (Committee Member)DAVID FIELD (Committee Member)ANITA VASAVADA (Committee Member)WILLIAM DERNELL (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 254
- Identifiers
- 99901152439101842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation