UNDERSTANDING ROLES OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN HSP101/CLPB IN HEAT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT

Eva Erdayani

High temperature stress during wheat growth causes major yield losses in all wheat growing regions of the world. Wheat adaptability to the changing climatic conditions is one of the desirable traits for wheat breeders to maintain and increase yields in a sustainable manner. Heat Shock Protein 101 (HSP101) from the CLPB family has been characterized in various organisms to play a role as a protein disaggregation machine. This role is essential for cell survival under stress conditions that cause protein damages. Under functional studies, plant HSP101/CLPB proteins were found to be involved in heat acclimation as well as in activating translation of other proteins. Meanwhile, other studies on the gene expression and the protein also indicated the involvement of HSP101/CLPB members in plant development and survival under stresses other than heat. Because of various possible roles of HSP101/CLPB, a systematic study is needed to identify specific targets for improving heat stress tolerance. In this study, the homolog and homoeolog copies of the wheat HSP101/CLPB genes were identified through bioinformatics analyses and gene cloning. Thirteen HSP101/CLPB genes were found in the wheat genome including nuclear encoded organelle-targeted sequences. Around 45.4-98.8% sequence identities were observed among those sequences. Several conserved motifs were predicted to play essential roles in protein functionality, especially at the unique coiled coil regions. Unique patterns of TaCLPB gene expression under heat, light, and cold indicated specific roles of the proteins that appeared to be conserved across species. Under developmental stages, there are variations in TaCLPB expression at different tissues, especially at the reproductive stage. The study on the relationship between coleoptile elongation and TaCLPB gene expression revealed possible roles of four of the five genes to confer induced and basal thermotolerance in wheat at a germination stage. We observed that varieties with better tolerance to high temperatures tend to pose higher level of TaCLPB gene expression. These findings are important to provide basic knowledge on how HSP101/CLPB can be utilized to improve wheat adaptability, especially under heat stress.

UNDERSTANDING ROLES OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN HSP101/CLPB IN HEAT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT

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