Dissertation
VITAMIN A, OREGANO, AND GARLIC EXTRACTS IN DOPED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS AND 3D PRINTED SCAFFOLDS FOR ORTHOPEDIC AND DENTAL APPLICATIONS
Washington State University
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
01/2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000003365
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/124685
Abstract
The objective is to understand the potential outcomes of vitamin A, oregano, and garlic extracts in doped calcium phosphate coatings on titanium and additively manufactured (3D printed) scaffolds on osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering applications. The scope of the work focuses on calcium phosphates (CaP) as delivery vehicles for localized drug and ion release in physiological environments. Multifaceted systems of either hydroxyapatite (HA) coated titanium (Ti) implants for load bearing applications, or tricalcium phosphate (TCP) synthetic bone scaffolds for low load bearing grafting applications, can support and enhance the osteogenic potential of bone tissue implants.This research modulates the release kinetics by incorporating ZnO, SiO2, and Ag2O within the HA coating matrix, or enhancing the hydrophilic properties of medicinal compounds retinol (vitamin A), carvacrol/thymol (oregano), and allicin (garlic) through polymeric drug delivery systems. In 7 days in vitro, retinol release from TCP scaffolds shows a 20% ± 1% increase in osteoblast proliferation and reduction in osteoclast proliferation with necrosed morphology. Antibacterial carvacrol release shows a significant reduction in osteoclast expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) enzyme at nearly 50% ± 6% by 20 days, supporting a significant reduction in resorption pit formation. In an in vivo rat distal femur model, the ternary doped HA coating yields a 21% ± 3.5% increase in bone mineralization and 13% ± 5% increase of total bone formation by week 5 compared to control HA coating. Allicin in 3D printed TCP scaffolds also shows antibacterial efficacy along with an increase in osteoid formation in vivo by 78% ± 5% within 4 weeks, however bone mineralization remains similar to control. These collective results give confidence in additive integration within CaP matrices for the enhancement of osteogenesis to reduce healing times for patients and support proper osseointegration between implants with host bone tissue.
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Details
- Title
- VITAMIN A, OREGANO, AND GARLIC EXTRACTS IN DOPED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS AND 3D PRINTED SCAFFOLDS FOR ORTHOPEDIC AND DENTAL APPLICATIONS
- Creators
- Ashley Vu
- Contributors
- Susmita Bose (Advisor)Amit Bandyopadhyay (Committee Member)William S Dernell (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Mechanical and Materials Engineering, School of
- Theses and Dissertations
- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 287
- Identifiers
- 99900652205801842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Dissertation