Thesis
COOLING RATES OF SPATTER DEPOSITS: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL THERMAL DIFFUSION MODEL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SPATTER PILE STABILITY
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
01/2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000005508
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/118914
Abstract
Spatter occurs when erupted lava is hot enough to deform and agglutinate (adhere to other erupted clasts). Spatter deposits will agglutinate at high temperatures; however, if the temperature is too high it will re-mobilize and flow as lava. It is important to understand the accumulation and cooling conditions that lead to the remobilization and collapse of spatter as these events can present a serious volcanic hazard. Four thermal diffusion models have been created in this study. Model 1 is one-dimensional and includes a single clast with variable material properties and cooling by conduction. Model 2 is one-dimensional and includes a single clast cooling by conduction with a convective boundary condition at the clast-air interface. Model 3 is two-dimensional and includes a single clast with variable material properties cooling by conduction with a convective boundary condition at the clast-air interface. Model 4 is one-dimensional and includes multiple piling clasts with variable material properties and cooling by conduction. These models predict how spatter clasts cool over time when cooling mechanisms, clast size, number of clasts in a spatter pile, time between spatter pile depositions, initial temperature, and vesicularity are varied. The models described in this research provide an indication for when the spatter deposit will cool to the glass transition temperature. This research allows for a better understanding of the controls on the cooling rates of the clasts as well as the transition into the clastogenic flow regime, which will increase understanding of volcanic spatter as well as have implications for the mitigation of their associated hazards.
Metrics
Details
- Title
- COOLING RATES OF SPATTER DEPOSITS: A TWO-DIMENSIONAL THERMAL DIFFUSION MODEL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SPATTER PILE STABILITY
- Creators
- Claire Puleio
- Contributors
- Catherine Cooper (Advisor)Erika Rader (Committee Member)Sergey Lapin (Committee Member)John Wolff (Committee Member)Sean Long (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- School of the Environment (CAHNRS)
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 69
- Identifiers
- 99900591955901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis