Thesis
Energy dissipation in culverts by forcing a hydraulic jump at the outlet
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
2004
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/243
Abstract
Riprap and concrete stilling basins are often built at culvert outlets to keep highenergy flows from scouring the streambed. The effectiveness of two simple alternatives to building large and complex basins is examined: an end weir on a horizontal apron and a drop structure with an end weir. The two designs are intended to create a hydraulic jump within the culvert barrel, without the aid of tailwater, to reduce the energy of the flow at the outlet. This research examines the jump geometry, the effectiveness of each jump type, and proposes a design procedure for practicing engineers. The B-jump, with its toe located at drop, was found to be most effective in dissipating energy, momentum, and velocity. The outlet momentum was reduced 10-48% from the approach momentum, while relative dimensionless energy loss was reduced 6-71%. The reduction in velocity was dependent on approach velocity and varied from 0.7 to 8.5 ft/s (0.21–2.59 m/s). The design procedure is applicable to culverts with approach Froude numbers from 2.6-6.0. Both designs are effective in reducing outlet velocity, momentum, and energy, all of which will decrease the need for downstream scour mitigation. The layout of the designs will also allow easy access for maintenance activities.
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Details
- Title
- Energy dissipation in culverts by forcing a hydraulic jump at the outlet
- Creators
- Emily Anne Larson
- Contributors
- Rollin H. Hotchkiss (Degree Supervisor)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University; Pullman, Wash. :
- Identifiers
- 99900525106301842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis