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Thesis
Hyperkalemia in Feline Urinary Tract Emergencies
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
07/2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000007097
Abstract
Objective – The aim was to 1. Determine frequency and severity of the hyperkalemia in urinary emergencies in large cohort of cats, 2. Analyse risk factors for and determine treatment response to hyperkalemia. We hypothesized that hyperkalemia is common in feline urinary emergencies and that all hyperkalemic urinary emergencies can be resolved by a combination of fluid therapy and resolution of the underlying cause.
Design – Retrospective study.
Setting – University veterinary teaching hospital.
Animals – 162 client-owned cats.
Interventions – None.
Measurements and Main Results – Forty-seven of 144 cats (32%) were hyperkalemic. Of these, 38% were mildly hyperkalemic, 25% and 36% were moderately and severely hyperkalemic, respectively. Hyperkalemia severity was increased in cats with 20-29 hours duration of clinical signs. Serum BUN and creatinine concentrations were positively correlated with serum potassium (K) concentrations, and BUN > 21.1 mmol/L (59.2 mg/dl) predicted hyperkalemia with 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity. In mildly hyperkalemic cats, 83% resolved with fluid therapy and de-obstructing. Moderately and severely hyperkalemic cats undergoing medical management and deobstruction resolved in 25% and 15% of cases, respectively. However, multi-approach therapy was used in many cases. Insulin therapy showed the highest correlation with K decrease.
Conclusions – Only 20% of cats were moderately or severely hyperkalemic on presentation. Azotemia with elevated BUN and creatinine, and duration of clinical signs are predictors of severity of hyperkalemia. Fluid therapy alone resulted in normokalemia among most mildly hyperkalemic cats. Despite multi-therapy approach, most of the severely hyperkalemic cases remained moderately or severely hyperkalemic after initial management.
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Details
- Title
- Hyperkalemia in Feline Urinary Tract Emergencies
- Creators
- Kornelia Tiffinger
- Contributors
- Boel Anita Fransson (Chair)Tina Jo Owen (Committee Member)Linda Gail Martin (Committee Member)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Number of pages
- 32
- Identifiers
- 99901152216101842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis