Thesis
In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
2010
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/105279
Abstract
The recent discovery of single-cell C4 photosynthesis in terrestrial plants provided evidence that Kranz anatomy is not required in C4 plants. Although the majority of C4 plants have an anatomy that separates carboxylation and decarboxylation activities between two cell types (Kranz anatomy), aquatic macrophytes such as Hydrilla verticulata, and Egeria densa, and terrestrial plants Bienertia cycloptera, B. sinuspersici and Suaeda aralocaspica, can all conduct C4 photosynthesis within an individual chlorenchyma cells. The terrestrial single -cell C4 species provides an interesting opportunity to study the developmental transition of chloroplast from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. Investigations into the development of photosynthesis in B. sinuspersici in response to environmental and chemical factors were made using callus cells generated from leaf material and using young shoots developed from callus tissue. Cultures under a high level of CO2 (1.2% versus ambient) increased callus growth, and was essential for development of shoots, roots, and plant regeneration. Green callus appears in a C3 default mode as they have minimal levels of C4 enzymes and lack the structural development of the single-cell C4 system; whereas, regenerating shoots develop expression of C4 enzymes and features of photosynthetic cells characteristic of mature leaves in a normal plant. The effect of increasing sodium chloride in the media (0 to 200 mM NaCl) resulted in an increase in tissue osmolality, size of plantlets, and overall growth and regeneration, while having no effect on C4 protein expression. These results can be used as a foundation for developing a transformation system and provide insight into developmental events that are involved in the formation of single cell C4 species. As a C4 system that lacks Kranz anatomy, a better understanding of how B. sinuspersici develops may facilitate the design of a transgenic system for incorporating C4 photosynthesis into major C3 crop species.
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Details
- Title
- In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide
- Creators
- Josh Jeffrey Rosnow
- Contributors
- Gerry Edwards (Degree Supervisor)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Program in Molecular Plant Sciences
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University; Pullman, Wash. :
- Identifiers
- 99900525117101842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis