Thesis
Progress toward genomically optimized beef: cholesterol transport pathways and lipid homeostasis
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
2009
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/104900
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential substance involved with many functions such as maintaining cell membranes, manufacturing vitamin D on surface of the skin, producing hormones, and possibly helping cell connections in the brain. Homeostasis of cholesterol is centered on the metabolism of lipoproteins, which mediate transport of the lipid to and from tissues. In particular, lipoprotein pathways have become popular targets for genetic studies in humans, due to their causative relationship with cholesterol induced vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Since lipoproteins are central to lipid homeostasis in general, we hypothesize that they are promising candidate genes for mapping quantitative trait loci for fat deposition, eating quality traits, and fatty acid composition in beef cattle. In the present study, we targeted 13 candidate genes in the reverse cholesterol transport and low-density lipoprotein receptor pathways with a goal to enhance beef palatability, while keeping the products as healthy as possible. The candidate genes are: ABCA1, APOA1, APOB, APOC2, APOE, LCAT, LDLR, LIPC, LIPG, LPL, PLTP, PON1, SR-BI. A total of 30 PCR amplicons were sequenced in 6 Wagyu x Limousin animals, generating 37 SNPs. A Sequenom assay system selected 13 mutations for genotyping on ~250 F2 progeny. Association analysis between these 13 SNPs and 19 phenotypes, including 5 carcass, 6 eating quality and 8 fatty acid composition traits revealed the following significant associations: marbling score (associated with 1 marker), subcutaneous fat deposition (6 markers), carcass weight (2 markers), rib-eye area (4 markers), kidney-pelvic-heart fat (1 marker), shear force (3 markers), muscle fiber tenderness (1 marker), overall tenderness (1 marker), flavor intensity (2 markers), cholesterol (1 marker), conjugated linoleic acid (2 markers), polyunsaturated fatty acids (2 markers), saturated fatty acids (2 markers). Together, the results of this study strongly establish lipoprotein pathways as critical sources of phenotypic variation in beef cattle, while providing markers that can be utilized for animal breeding.
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Details
- Title
- Progress toward genomically optimized beef
- Creators
- Tyler Farrell Daniels
- Contributors
- Zhihua Jiang (Degree Supervisor)
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Animal Sciences, Department of
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University; Pullman, Wash. :
- Identifiers
- 99900525004501842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis