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Real-Time Control of Micro-Scale Direct Ink Writing (DIW) Using Model-Based Flow Rate Estimation Feedback
Thesis

Real-Time Control of Micro-Scale Direct Ink Writing (DIW) Using Model-Based Flow Rate Estimation Feedback

Jonas Talley
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
2026
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Jonas Talley Thesis 5_6_2026
Embargoed Access, Embargo ends: 07/16/2028

Abstract

Direct Ink Writing DIW Feedback Flow Control Micro-Scale
The ability to precisely control the flow rate of a material extrusion additive manufactur-ing process is critical to prevent defects. Issues such as excess material, bulging, and low final porosity occur when the flow rate is poorly controlled. As the size of the nozzle decreases, additional transient effects are experienced due to viscous and compressibility forces, which leads to less control. This work presents a method for in-situ parameter identification and flow rate control. A custom 3D Printer with Direct Ink Writing (DIW) capabilities with an integrated pressure sensor is used to first compress the unknown material, then fit generalized material models to learn a local solution to compressibility. These parameters are then used to provide real-time flow rate estimation feedback for control, minimizing the transience of flow rate changes. The presented approach opens possibilities to a broader range of materials without need- ing extensive material characterization before use.

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