Thesis
Studies on cost analysis of viral diagnostics and red leaf symptoms in grapevines
Washington State University
Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
12/2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7273/000000092
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/119669
Abstract
Grapevines (Vitis vinifera) are extensively cultivated worldwide for the production of
wine grapes, table grapes and raisins. Consequently, vinifera grapevines are exposed to a myriad
of biotic and abiotic constraints affecting vine health and reducing fruit yield and quality. Among
the biotic constraints, viruses such as Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) and
Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) are considered economically important and affecting
sustainability of vineyards in Washington State. Unlike white-fruited wine grape cultivars, redfruited cultivars display leaf reddening or red leaves as a general response to not only infections
with GLRaV-3 and GRBV, but also to certain biotic and abiotic stress factors. Although
diagnostic assays are available to differentiate red leaf symptoms due to viral infections from
those induced by abiotic and biotic stress factors, large-scale testing of grapevines is becoming
costly and unsustainable for growers to utilize diagnostic methods in disease management
strategies. As testing vines is a crucial component to manage viral diseases in vineyards, a
project was initiated to estimate the costs associated with testing for GLRaV-3 and GRBV by
molecular diagnostic methods under non-commercial settings. The results presented in this study showed that employing a simplified sample preparation protocol in combination with molecular
diagnostics assays can reduce the cost burden of virus testing benefiting growers and other end
users. In a second project, studies were conducted to compare biochemical components of red
leaves in certain red-fruited cultivars produced due to viral infections, mite herbivory, and
mechanical damage to shoots. These leaf samples together with controls were analyzed for
pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids and anthocyanins) and carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, and
sucrose) using appropriate analytical methods. The results indicated overall reduction in
chlorophyll and carotenoids and accumulation of anthocyanins and carbohydrates in leaves
showing red leaf symptoms induced by biotic and abiotic stressors compared to green leaves
from healthy vines. The data obtained in this study laid a foundation for future studies to better
understand underlying causes and consequences of red leaf symptoms produced by distinct stress
factors.
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Details
- Title
- Studies on cost analysis of viral diagnostics and red leaf symptoms in grapevines
- Creators
- Kaitlin McKenzie Hadaway
- Contributors
- NAIDU A RAYAPATI (Degree Supervisor) - Washington State University, Plant Pathology, Department ofDuroy A Navarre (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Horticulture, Department ofGARY G GROVE (Committee Member) - Washington State University, Plant Pathology, Department of
- Awarding Institution
- Washington State University
- Academic Unit
- Plant Pathology, Department of
- Theses and Dissertations
- Master of Science (MS), Washington State University
- Publisher
- Washington State University
- Format
- pdf
- Number of pages
- 116
- Identifiers
- 99900591863201842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Thesis