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CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
A Role for the Brain RAS in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases
Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne), Vol.4(158 1), pp.158-158
10/25/2013
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/108298
PMCID: PMC3829467
PMID: 24298267
Abstract
The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has available the necessary functional components to produce the active ligands angiotensins II (AngII), angiotensin III, angiotensins (IV), angiotensin (1–7), and angiotensin (3–7). These ligands interact with several receptor proteins including AT
1
, AT
2
, AT
4
, and Mas distributed within the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as local RASs in several organs. This review first describes the enzymatic pathways in place to synthesize these ligands and the binding characteristics of these angiotensin receptor subtypes. We next discuss current hypotheses to explain the disorders of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as research efforts focused on the use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), in their treatment. ACE inhibitors and ARBs are showing promise in the treatment of several neurodegenerative pathologies; however, there is a need for the development of analogs capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier and acting as agonists or antagonists at these receptor sites. AngII and AngIV have been shown to play opposing roles regarding memory acquisition and consolidation in animal models. We discuss the development of efficacious AngIV analogs in the treatment of animal models of AD and PD. These AngIV analogs act via the AT
4
receptor subtype which may coincide with the hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met receptor system. Finally, future research directions are described concerning new approaches to the treatment of these two neurological diseases.
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Details
- Title
- A Role for the Brain RAS in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases
- Creators
- John W Wright - Departments of Psychology, Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Program in Biotechnology, Washington State UniversityLeen H Kawas - Departments of Psychology, Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Program in Biotechnology, Washington State UniversityJoseph W Harding - Departments of Psychology, Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Program in Biotechnology, Washington State University
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne), Vol.4(158 1), pp.158-158
- Academic Unit
- Psychology, Department of; Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A
- Identifiers
- 99900547179301842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article