Journal article
A factorial design approach for pressureless sintering in air of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O-3 synthesized via coprecipitation of oxide-alkoxides
Ceramics international, Vol.38(1), pp.775-786
01/01/2012
Abstract
Using factorial design for guidance, (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PLZT) ceramics of compositions 9.5/65/35 and 5/Z/T (Z/T = 60/40, 54/46,40/60) were pressureless sintered in air. Theoretical bulk densities of up to 96% were achieved. The starting materials were obtained from the coprecipitation of the oxide-alkoxides. The relevant sintering parameters were initially screened with the 9.5/65/35 composition using a factorial design method to achieve high-density, high purity perovskite-phase, and small grain-size. The variables were ball-milling time, cold-press pressure, sintering time, sintering temperature, vacuum treatment, and PLZT to PbZrO3 weight ratio. The optimized sintering conditions were then applied to the remaining PLZT compositions, as well as to a commercially purchased PLZT powder, PLZT 8/40/60 to yield similar ceramic qualities. The ceramic samples were characterized with SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, and their relative permittivity, Er, and the piezoelectric constant, d(33), were measured. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.
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Details
- Title
- A factorial design approach for pressureless sintering in air of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O-3 synthesized via coprecipitation of oxide-alkoxides
- Creators
- Ray Gunawidjaja - Washington State UniversityThandar Myint - Washington State UniversityHergen Eilers - Washington State University Spokane
- Publication Details
- Ceramics international, Vol.38(1), pp.775-786
- Academic Unit
- Institute for Shock Physics
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 12
- Grant note
- N00014-04-1-0688; N00014-06-1-0315 / ONR; Office of Naval Research
- Identifiers
- 99900876940501842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article