A naturalistic examination of the perceived effects of cannabis on negative affect

Carrie Cuttler; Alexander Spradlin; Ryan J McLaughlin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.054

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A naturalistic examination of the perceived effects of cannabis on negative affect

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

A naturalistic examination of the perceived effects of cannabis on negative affect

Carrie Cuttler, Alexander Spradlin and Ryan J McLaughlin

Journal of affective disorders, Vol.235, pp.198-205

08/01/2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.054

Handle:

https://hdl.handle.net/2376/111118

PMID: 29656267

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Abstract

Affect - drug effects

Cannabidiol - administration & dosage

Stress, Psychological - drug therapy

Anxiety - psychology

Anxiety - drug therapy

Stress, Psychological - psychology

Perception - drug effects

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Depression - drug therapy

Depression - psychology

Dronabinol - administration & dosage

Cannabis is commonly used to alleviate symptoms of negative affect. However, a paucity of research has examined the acute effects of cannabis on negative affect in everyday life. The current study provides a naturalistic account of perceived changes in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress as a function of dose and concentration of Δ tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Data from the app Strainprint (which provides medical cannabis users a means of tracking changes in symptoms as a function of different doses and chemotypes of cannabis) were analyzed using multilevel modeling. In total, 11,953 tracked sessions were analyzed (3,151 for depression, 5,085 for anxiety, and 3,717 for stress). Medical cannabis users perceived a 50% reduction in depression and a 58% reduction in anxiety and stress following cannabis use. Two puffs were sufficient to reduce ratings of depression and anxiety, while 10+ puffs produced the greatest perceived reductions in stress. High CBD (>9.5%)/low THC (<5.5%) cannabis was associated with the largest changes in depression ratings, while high CBD (>11%)/high THC (>26.5%) cannabis produced the largest perceived changes in stress. No changes in the perceived efficacy of cannabis were detected across time. However, baseline symptoms of depression (but not anxiety or stress) appeared to be exacerbated across time/tracked sessions. The primary limitations are the self-selected nature of the sample and the inability to control for expectancy effects. Cannabis reduces perceived symptoms of negative affect in the short-term, but continued use may exacerbate baseline symptoms of depression over time.

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Title: A naturalistic examination of the perceived effects of cannabis on negative affect
Creators: Carrie Cuttler - Washington State University, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA; Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, USA. Electronic address: carrie.cuttler@wsu.edu
Alexander Spradlin - Washington State University, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA
Ryan J McLaughlin - Washington State University, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA; Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, USA; Washington State University, Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Pullman, WA 99164-7620, USA
Publication Details: Journal of affective disorders, Vol.235, pp.198-205
Academic Unit: Department of Psychology; Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience
Publisher: Elsevier; Netherlands
Number of pages: 8
Grant note: Washington State University's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Program
Identifiers: 99900547045101842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article