Agroecological factors correlated to soil DNA concentrations of Rhizoctonia in dryland wheat production zones of Washington state, USA

Patricia A Okubara; Kurtis L Schroeder; John T Abatzoglou; Timothy C Paulitz

doi:10.1094/PHYTO-09-13-0269-R

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Agroecological factors correlated to soil DNA concentrations of Rhizoctonia in dryland wheat production zones of Washington state, USA

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Agroecological factors correlated to soil DNA concentrations of Rhizoctonia in dryland wheat production zones of Washington state, USA

Patricia A Okubara, Kurtis L Schroeder, John T Abatzoglou and Timothy C Paulitz

Phytopathology, Vol.104(7), pp.683-691

07/2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-13-0269-R

Handle:

https://hdl.handle.net/2376/101505

PMID: 24915426

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https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-13-0269-RView

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Abstract

Climate

Temperature

Soil Microbiology

Rhizoctonia - isolation & purification

Plant Diseases - microbiology

Plant Diseases - prevention & control

Plant Roots - microbiology

Washington

Rhizoctonia - physiology

Rain

DNA, Bacterial - genetics

Rhizoctonia - genetics

DNA, Bacterial - analysis

Agriculture

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Triticum - microbiology

The necrotrophic soilborne fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani AG8 and R. oryzae are principal causal agents of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch of wheat in dryland cropping systems of the Pacific Northwest. A 3-year survey of 33 parcels at 11 growers' sites and 60 trial plots at 12 Washington State University cereal variety test locations was undertaken to understand the distribution of these pathogens. Pathogen DNA concentrations in soils, quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, were correlated with precipitation, temperature maxima and minima, and soil texture factors in a pathogen-specific manner. Specifically, R. solani AG8 DNA concentration was negatively correlated with precipitation and not correlated with temperature minima, whereas R. oryzae concentration was correlated with temperature minima but not with precipitation. However, both pathogens were more abundant in soils with higher sand and lower clay content. Principal component analysis also indicated that unique groups of meteorological and soil factors were associated with each pathogen. Furthermore, tillage did not affect R. oryzae but affected R. solani AG8 at P = 0.06. Lower soil concentrations of R. solani AG8 but not R. oryzae occurred when the previously planted crop was a broadleaf (P < 0.05). Our findings showed that R. solani AG8 concentrations were consistent with the general distribution of bare patch symptoms, based on field observations and surveys of other pathogens, but was present at many sites in which bare patch symptoms were not evident. Management of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch should account for the likelihood that each pathogen is affected by a unique group of agroecological variables.

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Title: Agroecological factors correlated to soil DNA concentrations of Rhizoctonia in dryland wheat production zones of Washington state, USA
Creators: Patricia A Okubara
Kurtis L Schroeder
John T Abatzoglou
Timothy C Paulitz
Publication Details: Phytopathology, Vol.104(7), pp.683-691
Academic Unit: Plant Pathology, Department of
Publisher: United States
Identifiers: 99900546681801842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article