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CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Assessing the importance of nonlinearity for aircraft emissions' impact on O3 and PM2.5
The Science of the total environment, Vol.777
07/10/2021
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/117809
Appears in Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT)
Abstract
In this study we utilize the Decoupled Direct Method (HDDM-3D) as implemented in the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) to calculate first and second order sensitivity coefficients of O.sub.3 and PM.sub.2.5 concentrations with respect to aviation emissions during landing and takeoff (LTO) cycles at ten individual airports; five located in regions of attainment of O.sub.3 and PM.sub.2.5 NAAQS: Boston Logan (BOS), Kansas City (MCI), Raleigh-Durham (RDU), Seattle-Tacoma (SEA), and Tucson (TUS); and five airports in current nonattainment areas: Chicago O'Hare (ORD), Hartsfield- Jackson Atlanta (ATL), New York John F. Kennedy (JFK), Los Angeles (LAX), and Charlotte- Douglas (CLT). We utilize these coefficients in an attainment/nonattainment emission decrease/increase analysis to determine the importance of including second order sensitivity coefficients for quantifying O.sub.3 and PM.sub.2.5 concentration responses to LTO aircraft emission reductions near the airport. Sensitivity coefficients help to determine distinct chemical regimes, NO.sub.X-limited versus NO.sub.X-inhibited for the case of O.sub.3 formation, and NH.sub.3-rich versus NH.sub.3-poor for the case of PM.sub.2.5 formation. Overall, we find that NO.sub.X LTO emissions are the largest contributor to any potential nonlinearity in O.sub.3 and PM.sub.2.5 formation through LTO emissions. However, when utilizing Taylor series expansions to estimate O.sub.3 and PM.sub.2.5 concentration responses under LTO emission perturbation scenarios, differences in responses calculated using only first order coefficients and responses calculated using both first and second order coefficients were less than 1% for LTO emission perturbations less than 100%. Hence, we find from the results in this study that first order sensitivity coefficients are sufficient for constructing accurate LTO emissions perturbation scenarios. This study also demonstrates through the analyses performed, an illustration of how HDDM-based sensitivity calculations can be used to assess sector-specific impacts on attainment designations.
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Details
- Title
- Assessing the importance of nonlinearity for aircraft emissions' impact on O3 and PM2.5
- Creators
- Calvin A ArterSaravanan Arunachalam
- Publication Details
- The Science of the total environment, Vol.777
- Academic Unit
- Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT); Emissions
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Grants
- 13‐C‐AJFE‐UNC-02, 04, 06, 07, 10, 12, Federal Aviation Administration (United States, Washington) - FAA
- Identifiers
- 99900567700601842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article