Journal article
Combined theoretical and experimental study of the valence, Rydberg, and ionic states of chlorobenzene
The Journal of chemical physics, Vol.144(12), pp.124302-124302
03/28/2016
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/110218
PMID: 27036443
Abstract
New photoelectron (PE) and ultra violet (UV) and vacuum UV (VUV) spectra have been obtained for chlorobenzene by synchrotron study with higher sensitivity and resolution than previous work and are subjected to detailed analysis. In addition, we report on the mass-resolved (2 + 1) resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra of a jet-cooled sample. Both the VUV and REMPI spectra have enabled identification of a considerable number of Rydberg states for the first time. The use of ab initio calculations, which include both multi-reference multi-root doubles and singles configuration interaction (MRD-CI) and time dependent density functional theoretical (TDDFT) methods, has led to major advances in interpretation of the vibrational structure of the ionic and electronically excited states. Franck-Condon (FC) analyses of the PE spectra, including both hot and cold bands, indicate much more complex envelopes than previously thought. The sequence of ionic states can be best interpreted by our multi-configuration self-consistent field computations and also by comparison of the calculated vibrational structure of the B and C ionic states with experiment; these conclusions suggest that the leading sequence is the same as that of iodobenzene and bromobenzene, namely: X2B1(3b1
−1) < A2A2(1a2
−1) < B2B2(6b2
−1) < C2B1(2b1
−1). The absorption onset near 4.6 eV has been investigated using MRD-CI and TDDFT calculations; the principal component of this band is 1B2 and an interpretation based on the superposition of FC and Herzberg-Teller contributions has been performed. The other low-lying absorption band near 5.8 eV is dominated by a 1A1 state, but an underlying weak 1B1 state (πσ∗) is also found. The strongest band in the VUV spectrum near 6.7 eV is poorly resolved and is analyzed in terms of two ππ∗ states of 1A1 (higher oscillator strength) and 1B2 (lower oscillator strength) symmetries, respectively. The calculated vertical excitation energies of these two states are critically dependent upon the presence of Rydberg functions in the basis set, since both manifolds are strongly perturbed by the Rydberg states in this energy range. A number of equilibrium structures of the ionic and singlet excited states show that the molecular structure is less subject to variation than corresponding studies for iodobenzene and bromobenzene.
Metrics
8 Record Views
Details
- Title
- Combined theoretical and experimental study of the valence, Rydberg, and ionic states of chlorobenzene
- Creators
- Michael H Palmer - University of EdinburghTrevor Ridley - University of EdinburghSøren Vrønning Hoffmann - Aarhus UniversityNykola C Jones - Aarhus UniversityMarcello Coreno - CNR-ISMMonica de Simone - CNR-IOM Laboratorio TASCCesare Grazioli - 9Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USATeng Zhang - University of UppsalaMalgorzata Biczysko - 9Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USAAlberto Baiardi - Scuola Normale SuperioreKirk A Peterson - Washington State University
- Publication Details
- The Journal of chemical physics, Vol.144(12), pp.124302-124302
- Academic Unit
- Chemistry, Department of
- Number of pages
- 21
- Grant note
- PON01-01078/8, PRIN 2011 DEMOCRITOS, PRIN 2010ERFKXL 006 / Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (MIUR) (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003407) 312284 / European Commission (EC) (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780)
- Identifiers
- 99900547017201842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article