Journal article
Comparative Analysis Highlights Variable Genome Content of Wheat Rusts and Divergence of the Mating Loci
G3 (Bethesda, Md.), Vol.7(2), pp.361-376
2017
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/114258
PMCID: PMC5295586
PMID: 27913634
Abstract
Three members of the
Puccinia
genus,
Puccinia
triticina
(
Pt
),
P
.
striiformis
f.sp.
tritici
(
Pst
), and
P
.
graminis
f.sp.
tritici
(
Pgt
), cause the most common and often most significant foliar diseases of wheat. While similar in biology and life cycle, each species is uniquely adapted and specialized. The genomes of
Pt
and
Pst
were sequenced and compared to that of
Pgt
to identify common and distinguishing gene content, to determine gene variation among wheat rust pathogens, other rust fungi, and basidiomycetes, and to identify genes of significance for infection.
Pt
had the largest genome of the three, estimated at 135 Mb with expansion due to mobile elements and repeats encompassing 50.9% of contig bases; in comparison, repeats occupy 31.5% for
Pst
and 36.5% for
Pgt
. We find all three genomes are highly heterozygous, with
Pst
[5.97 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/kb] nearly twice the level detected in
Pt
(2.57 SNPs/kb) and that previously reported for
Pgt
. Of 1358 predicted effectors in
Pt
, 784 were found expressed across diverse life cycle stages including the sexual stage. Comparison to related fungi highlighted the expansion of gene families involved in transcriptional regulation and nucleotide binding, protein modification, and carbohydrate degradation enzymes. Two allelic homeodomain pairs, HD1 and HD2, were identified in each dikaryotic
Puccinia
species along with three pheromone receptor (
STE3
) mating-type genes, two of which are likely representing allelic specificities. The HD proteins were active in a heterologous
Ustilago maydis
mating assay and host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) of the HD and
STE3
alleles reduced wheat host infection.
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Details
- Title
- Comparative Analysis Highlights Variable Genome Content of Wheat Rusts and Divergence of the Mating Loci
- Creators
- Christina A Cuomo - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Guus Bakkeren - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, CanadaHala Badr Khalil - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, CanadaVinay Panwar - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, CanadaDavid Joly - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, CanadaRob Linning - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, CanadaSharadha Sakthikumar - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Xiao Song - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, CanadaXian Adiconis - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Lin Fan - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Jonathan M Goldberg - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Joshua Z Levin - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Sarah Young - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Qiandong Zeng - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142Yehoshua Anikster - The Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, IsraelMyron Bruce - Department of Plant Pathology, Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas 66506Meinan Wang - Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164Chuntao Yin - Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164Brent McCallum - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, CanadaLes J Szabo - Cereal Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108Scot Hulbert - Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164Xianming Chen - Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Pullman, Washington 99164John P Fellers - Department of Plant Pathology, Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
- Publication Details
- G3 (Bethesda, Md.), Vol.7(2), pp.361-376
- Academic Unit
- Plant Pathology, Department of
- Publisher
- Genetics Society of America
- Identifiers
- 99900547863901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article