Journal article
Comparison of standardized sampling and measurement reference systems for aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter emissions
Journal of aerosol science, Vol.145, p.105557
07/2020
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/122930
Appears in Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT)
Abstract
The International Civil Aviation Organization has established new regulatory standards for emissions certification of non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) from aircraft turbine engines. The adoption of the nvPM emissions regulatory standards required development of a standardized sampling and measurement methodology, and rigorous testing. Three reference systems for aircraft engine nvPM emissions measurement, compliant with the specifications for the standardized methodology, were independently developed. This paper reports the results of the first inter-comparison of these three reference systems using a CFM56-7B26/3 aircraft engine to establish repeatability and intermediate precision of the sampling and measurement systems as part of the multi-agency international collaborative projects: Aviation-Particle Regulatory Instrumentation Demonstration Experiment (A-PRIDE) 5/Studying, sAmpling and Measuring of aircraft ParticuLate Emissions (SAMPLE) III - SC03. The instruments used in the three reference systems recorded nvPM mass and number concentration, which were converted to their respective emission indices for comparison. The reference systems generally agreed to within 15% of the average nvPM number emission index and 30% of the average nvPM mass emission index. The only exception was for the nvPM mass instruments, which exhibited a higher variation as the concentration levels approached the limit of detection. The additional measured particle size distributions could be approximated to lognormal distributions with the geometric mean diameter ranging from 15 nm to 38 nm, and the geometric standard deviation varying between 1.53 and 1.92. The results from this study are a benchmark for the variability in standardized sampling and measurement systems for measuring aircraft engine nvPM emissions.
•Comparison of three reference systems for measuring aircraft engine nvPM emissions.•The nvPM number emission index was generally within 15% of the average value.•The nvPM mass emission index was generally within 30% of the average value.•Mass-based emissions exhibited high variability towards the instrument limit of detection.
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Details
- Title
- Comparison of standardized sampling and measurement reference systems for aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter emissions
- Creators
- Prem Lobo - Missouri University of Science and TechnologyLukas Durdina - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyBenjamin T Brem - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyAndrew P Crayford - Cardiff UniversityMark P Johnson - Rolls-Royce plc, Derby, United KingdomGreg J Smallwood - Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaFrithjof Siegerist - SR Technics, Zürich Airport, Zürich, SwitzerlandPaul I Williams - University of ManchesterElizabeth A Black - Missouri University of Science and TechnologyAndrea Llamedo - Rolls-Royce plc, Derby, United KingdomKevin A Thomson - Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaMax B Trueblood - Missouri University of Science and TechnologyZhenhong Yu - Aerodyne ResearchDonald E Hagen - Missouri University of Science and TechnologyPhilip D Whitefield - Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRichard C Miake-Lye - Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA, United StatesTheo Rindlisbacher - Federal Office of Civil Aviation, Bern, Switzerland
- Publication Details
- Journal of aerosol science, Vol.145, p.105557
- Academic Unit
- Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT); Emissions
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Grants
- 13-C-AJFE-MST-, Federal Aviation Administration (United States, Washington) - FAA
- Identifiers
- 99900620466001842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article