Journal article
Crystallization kinetics of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/cellulose nanowhiskers composites
Carbohydrate polymers, Vol.90(1), pp.541-550
09/01/2012
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/113358
PMID: 24751075
Abstract
► CNW is reinforcing and nucleating agent for PHBV. ► CNW concentration influence crystal structure and crystallization kinetics of PHBV. ► CNW content of >2.3wt% results in CNW agglomerations. ► CNWs influence PHBV crystallization through nucleation and spherulite growth. ► CNW distribution and interconnected structure govern mechanical properties of PHBV/CNW.
In this study, biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) films with 1.2–4.6wt% of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) were manufactured by solution casting using N,N-dimethylformide (DMF) as the solvent. Crystallization behaviors of PHBV/CNW composites were studied under isothermal conditions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The changes in PHBV crystalline structure were studied using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Avrami analysis was performed to study the effects of CNW concentration and temperature on the crystallization rate and crystallinity of PHBV. POM study confirmed the results from the Avrami analysis. In particular, the results revealed the dual effects (i.e., nucleation and confinement) of CNWs on PHBV nucleation. Depending on the concentration of CNWs, the crystallization rate of PHBV could be either increased or decreased due to the combined effects. High crystallization temperatures increased the diffusion rate of PHBV chains and the growth rate of PHBV spherulites. However, the nucleation effect of CNWs decreased at high crystallization temperatures.
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Details
- Title
- Crystallization kinetics of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/cellulose nanowhiskers composites
- Creators
- Elena Ten - Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-1806, United StatesLong Jiang - Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102-6050, United StatesMichael P Wolcott - Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-1806, United States
- Publication Details
- Carbohydrate polymers, Vol.90(1), pp.541-550
- Academic Unit
- Office of Clean Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Identifiers
- 99900547340501842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article