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Journal article
Dwarf mistletoes (Arceuthobium spp.), rust diseases, and stem decays in Eastern Oregon and Washington
Northwest science., Vol.75, pp.31-37
2001
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/978
Abstract
Considerable information is available on the four dwarf mistletoe species of concern in eastern Oregon and Washington, USA: Douglas fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii), larch dwarf mistletoe (A. laricis), western dwarf mistletoe (A. campylopodum), and lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe (A. americanum). Dwarf mistletoe can be controlled by cutting infected trees and planting non-susceptible tree species. Timely pruning of brooms and use of hormones that cause abscission of dwarf mistletoe plants are feasible only on individual trees in small areas. Models are available for dwarf mistletoe effects and landscape vulnerability. Of over 50 species of rusts in the Pacific Northwest, only a few cause significant effects: white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) on five-needle pines; western gall rust (Endocronartium harknessii), stalactiform rust (Cronartium coleosporioides), and comandra rust (Cronartium comandrae) on lodgepole pine and ponderosa pine; fir broom rust (Melampsorella caryophyllacearum) on true firs; spruce broom rust (Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli) on spruces; and incense-cedar rust (Gymnosporangium libocedri) on incense-cedar. Genetic resistance and tree species manipulation can be used as a means to control some rusts, and infected branches can be eliminated by pruning. Site hazard ratings based on habitat type and elevation are available. Timber losses from heart rot (stem) decay are greater than from all other diseases, but infected trees, both living and dead, provide valuable wildlife habitat. Species of greatest concern are Phellinus pini and Echinodontium tinctorium (Indian paint fungus) with Fomitopsis officinalis [Lariciformes officinalis] being less common. Harvesting trees when younger than 90 years old and limiting wounds on remaining trees may decrease infection. Although all these tree diseases can cause tree deformation, growth loss, and tree mortality, the brooms and specific wood decay conditions they form promote ecological and structural diversity. Ongoing research is evaluating ways to manage these diseases in ways that maximize their benefit to forest ecosystems while limiting their detrimental effects on forest resources.
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Details
- Title
- Dwarf mistletoes (Arceuthobium spp.), rust diseases, and stem decays in Eastern Oregon and Washington
- Creators
- Catherine G. Parks (Author)Paul T. Flanagan (Author)
- Publication Details
- Northwest science., Vol.75, pp.31-37
- Academic Unit
- Northwest Science
- Publisher
- WSU Press
- Identifiers
- 99900502313601842
- Copyright
- In copyright ; openAccess ; http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ; http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article