Journal article
Eight years of annual no-till cropping in Washington's winter wheat-summer fallow region
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, Vol.120(2), pp.345-358
2007
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/110300
Abstract
The tillage-based winter wheat (
Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow (WW-SF) cropping system has dominated dryland farming in the Pacific Northwest USA for 125 years. We conducted a large-scale multidisciplinary 8-year study of annual (i.e., no summer fallow) no-till cropping systems as an alternative to WW-SF. Soft white and hard white classes of winter and spring wheat, spring barley (
Hordeum vulgare L.), yellow mustard (
Brassica hirta Moench), and safflower (
Carthamus tinctorius L.) were grown in various rotation combinations. Annual precipitation was less than the long-term average of 301
mm in 7 out of 8 years. Rhizoctonia bare patch disease caused by the fungus
Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 appeared in year 3 and continued through year 8 in all no-till plots. All crops were susceptible to rhizoctonia, but bare patch area in wheat was reduced, and grain yield increased, when wheat was grown in rotation with barley every other year. Remnant downy brome (
Bromus tectorum L.) weed seeds remained dormant for 6 years and longer to heavily infest recrop winter wheat. There were few quantifiable changes in soil quality due to crop rotation, but soil organic carbon (SOC) increased in the surface 0–5
cm depth with no-till during the 8 years to approach that found in undisturbed native soil. Annual no-till crop rotations experienced lower average profitability and greater income variability compared to WW-SF. Yellow mustard and safflower were not economically viable. Continuous annual cropping using no-till provides excellent protection against wind erosion and shows potential to increase soil quality, but the practice involves high economic risk compared to WW-SF. This paper provides the first comprehensive multidisciplinary report of long-term alternative annual no-till cropping systems research in the low-precipitation region of the Pacific Northwest.
Metrics
7 Record Views
Details
- Title
- Eight years of annual no-till cropping in Washington's winter wheat-summer fallow region
- Creators
- William F Schillinger - Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Dryland Research Station, P.O. Box B, Lind, WA 99341, USAAnn C Kennedy - Land Management and Water Conservation Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 217 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USADouglas L Young - School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, 101 Hulbert Hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Publication Details
- Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, Vol.120(2), pp.345-358
- Academic Unit
- Crop and Soil Sciences, Department of; Economic Sciences, School of
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Identifiers
- 99900547160601842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article