Journal article
Emerging effortful control in toddlerhood: The role of infant orienting/regulation, maternal effortful control, and maternal time spent in caregiving activities
Infant behavior & development, Vol.34(1), pp.189-199
02/2011
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/109992
PMID: 21186061
Abstract
▶ Change in infant orienting/regulation predicted toddler effortful control. ▶ Toddler EC was predicted by maternal EC. ▶ Maternal EC predicted maternal time spent interacting with infants. ▶ Maternal time in interaction with infants predicted toddler EC. ▶ Findings support the importance of maternal EC and time with infants for toddler EC.
Latent growth modeling (LGM) was used to examine the contribution of changes in infant orienting/regulation (O/R) to the emergence of toddler effortful control (EC), the contributions of maternal EC to the development of infant O/R and the emergence of toddler EC, the influence of maternal time spent in caregiving activities on toddler EC and the slope of infant O/R, and the contribution of maternal EC to subsequent maternal time spent in caregiving activities. Mothers from 158 families completed a self-report measure of EC when their infants were 4 months of age, a measure of infant O/R when their infants were 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age, and a measure of toddler EC when their children reached 18 months of age. Information concerning maternal time spent in various interactive caregiving activities was collected when infants were 6 months old. Results indicated higher maternal EC predicted interindividual differences in the intercept (i.e., higher intercepts), but not slope, of infant O/R and that higher maternal EC, higher infant O/R intercept, and higher infant O/R slope contributed to higher toddler EC. Furthermore, higher maternal EC predicted greater maternal time spent in interactive caregiving activities with their infants and greater maternal time in interactive caregiving with infants also contributed to higher toddler EC after controlling for maternal EC. These findings contribute to the understanding of the influence of maternal EC, directly and through caregiving, on toddler EC. Additional implications as they are related to early developing regulatory aspects of temperament are discussed.
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Details
- Title
- Emerging effortful control in toddlerhood: The role of infant orienting/regulation, maternal effortful control, and maternal time spent in caregiving activities
- Creators
- David J Bridgett - Northern Illinois University, United StatesMaria A Gartstein - Washington State University, United StatesSamuel P Putnam - Bowdoin College, United StatesKate Oddi Lance - Northern Illinois University, United StatesErin Iddins - Washington State University, United StatesRobin Waits - Washington State University, United StatesJessica VanVleet - Washington State University, United StatesLindsay Lee - Washington State University, United States
- Publication Details
- Infant behavior & development, Vol.34(1), pp.189-199
- Academic Unit
- Psychology, Department of
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Identifiers
- 99900547395901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article