Evaluation of reproductive and economic outcomes of dairy heifers inseminated at induced estrus or at fixed time after a 5-day or 7-day progesterone insert-based ovulation synchronization protocol

G Lopes; C.R Johnson; L.G.D Mendonça; P.R.B Silva; J.G.N Moraes; A Ahmadzadeh; J.C Dalton; R.C Chebel

doi:10.3168/jds.2012-5971

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Evaluation of reproductive and economic outcomes of dairy heifers inseminated at induced estrus or at fixed time after a 5-day or 7-day progesterone insert-based ovulation synchronization protocol

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Evaluation of reproductive and economic outcomes of dairy heifers inseminated at induced estrus or at fixed time after a 5-day or 7-day progesterone insert-based ovulation synchronization protocol

G Lopes, C.R Johnson, L.G.D Mendonça, P.R.B Silva, J.G.N Moraes, A Ahmadzadeh, J.C Dalton and R.C Chebel

Journal of dairy science, Vol.96(3), pp.1612-1622

03/2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-5971

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https://hdl.handle.net/2376/106265

PMID: 23357022

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Abstract

estrus synchronization

dairy heifer

timed artificial insemination

The objectives of the current experiment were to evaluate the reproductive performance and economic outcome of 3 synchronization strategies for first artificial insemination (AI) of dairy heifers. Holstein heifers from 2 herds (site A, California, n=415; site B, Idaho, n=425) were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments. Heifers assigned to the AI on estrus (AIE) treatment received an injection of 25mg of PGF2α at enrollment (d 0) and every 11 d thereafter until AI occurred. Heifers assigned to the CIDR5 treatment received a controlled internal drug release insert (CIDR) containing 1.38g of progesterone, which was removed 5 d later concomitantly with an injection of 25mg of PGF2α, and received fixed-time AI (TAI) concomitantly with an injection of 100μg of GnRH 53 to 60 h later. Heifers assigned to the CIDR7 treatment received a CIDR insert, which was removed 7 d later concomitantly with an injection of 25mg of PGF2α, and received TAI concomitantly with an injection of 100μg of GnRH 53 to 60 h later. Heifers were observed for estrus and inseminated up to 98 and 73 d after enrollment in sites A and B, respectively. Thereafter, heifers were moved to pens with bulls and considered failure to conceive to AI if still not pregnant at the end of the observation period. Economic outcomes were based on cost of synchronization protocol (CIDR treatment=$11, PGF2α or GnRH treatments=$2.5/treatment, estrous detection=$0.80/heifer per day), rearing cost ($2.75/heifer per day), and economic loss if a heifer did not conceive to first AI ($150). Input cost of the reproductive programs=synchronization protocol cost + semen cost + rearing cost + replacement cost. Pregnancy per AI (P/AI) 38±3 d after first AI was greatest for AIE heifers (61.1%) followed by CIDR5 (44.8%) and CIDR7 (35.7%) heifers. Furthermore, P/AI 73±7 d after first AI was greatest for AIE (58.8%) and tended to be greater for CIDR5 (42%) than for CIDR7 (34.1%) heifers. The percentage of heifers that had spontaneous luteolysis from CIDR insertion to CIDR removal was reduced for CIDR5 compared with CIDR7 (13.8 vs 31.8%). Pregnancy rate was greatest for AIE heifers but did not differ between CIDR5 [adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)=0.75 (0.63, 0.90)] and CIDR7 [adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)=0.65 (0.54, 0.77)] heifers. Consequently, rearing cost and input cost of AIE heifers ($67.1±4.4 and −$107.1±7.0, respectively) were reduced compared with CIDR5 ($86.9±5.1 and −$143.4±8.1, respectively) and CIDR7 ($98.3±5.1 and −$156.5±8.2, respectively) heifers, but no differences were observed between CIDR5 and CIDR7 heifers.

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Title: Evaluation of reproductive and economic outcomes of dairy heifers inseminated at induced estrus or at fixed time after a 5-day or 7-day progesterone insert-based ovulation synchronization protocol
Creators: G Lopes - School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
C.R Johnson - Animal and Veterinary Science Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844
L.G.D Mendonça - School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
P.R.B Silva - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
J.G.N Moraes - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
A Ahmadzadeh - Animal and Veterinary Science Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844
J.C Dalton - Animal and Veterinary Science Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844
R.C Chebel - School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
Publication Details: Journal of dairy science, Vol.96(3), pp.1612-1622
Academic Unit: UNKNOWN
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Identifiers: 99900546857101842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article