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Rights Statements InC/1.0 , Open Access
Journal article
Expansion of variant diversity associated with high prevalence of pathogen strain superinfection under conditions of natural transmission
Infection and immunity : IAI., Vol.80, pp.2354-2360
07/2012
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/5999
Abstract
Superinfection occurs when a second, genetically distinct pathogen strain infects a host that has already mounted an immune response to a primary strain. For antigenically variant pathogens, the primary strain itself expresses a broad diversity of variants over time. Thus, successful superinfection would require that the secondary strain express a unique set of variants. We tested this hypothesis under conditions of natural transmission in both temperate and tropical regions where, respectively, single-strain infections and strain superinfections of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale predominate. Our conclusion that strain superinfection is associated with a significant increase in variant diversity is supported by progressive analysis of variant composition: (i) animals with naturally acquired superinfection had a statistically significantly greater number of unique variant sequences than animals either experimentally infected with single strains or infected with a single strain naturally, (ii) the greater number of unique sequences reflected a statistically significant increase in primary structural diversity in the superinfected animals, and (iii) the increase in primary structural diversity reflected increased combinations of the newly identified hypervariable microdomains. The role of population immunity in establishing temporal and spatial patterns of infection and disease has been well established. The results of the present study, which examined strain structure under conditions of natural transmission and population immunity, support that high levels of endemicity also drive pathogen divergence toward greater strain diversity.
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Details
- Title
- Expansion of variant diversity associated with high prevalence of pathogen strain superinfection under conditions of natural transmission
- Creators
- Massaro W. Uetia (Author)Yunbing Tan (Author)Shira L. Broschat (Author)Elizabeth J. Castaneda Ortiz (Author)Minerva Camacho-Nuez (Author)Juan J. Mosqueda (Author)Glen A. Scoles (Author)Matthew Grimes (Author)Kelly A. Brayton (Author)Guy H. Palmer (Author)
- Publication Details
- Infection and immunity : IAI., Vol.80, pp.2354-2360
- Academic Unit
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health; Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Department of; Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, School of
- Identifiers
- 99900502799001842
- Copyright
- In copyright ; openAccess ; http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ; http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article