Genetic relationships among 527 Gram-negative bacterial plasmids

Yunyun Zhou; Douglas R Call; Shira L Broschat

doi:10.1016/j.plasmid.2012.05.002

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Genetic relationships among 527 Gram-negative bacterial plasmids

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Genetic relationships among 527 Gram-negative bacterial plasmids

Yunyun Zhou, Douglas R Call and Shira L Broschat

Plasmid, Vol.68(2), pp.133-141

09/2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2012.05.002

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https://hdl.handle.net/2376/114664

PMID: 22587825

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Abstract

Antibiotic resistance genes

Gram-negative plasmid

Cluster refinement

Classification

Horizontal gene transfer

► We present an in silico method to establish genetic relationships among plasmids. ► Genetic relationships among 527 Gram-negative bacterial plasmids are obtained. ► Distribution of four antibiotic resistance genes is examined. Plasmids are mosaic in composition with a maintenance “backbone” as well as “accessory” genes obtained via horizontal gene transfer. This horizontal gene transfer complicates the study of their genetic relationships. We describe a method for relating a large number of Gram-negative (GN) bacterial plasmids based on their genetic sequences. Complete coding gene sequences of 527 GN bacterial plasmids were obtained from NCBI. Initial classification of their genetic relationships was accomplished using a computational approach analogous to hybridization of “mixed-genome microarrays.” Because of this similarity, the phrase “virtual hybridization” is used to describe this approach. Protein sequences generated from the gene sequences were randomly chosen to serve as “probes” for the virtual arrays, and virtual hybridization for each GN plasmid was achieved using BLASTp. Each resulting intensity matrix was used to generate a distance matrix from which an initial tree was constructed. Relationships were refined for several clusters by identifying conserved proteins within a cluster. Multiple-sequence alignment was applied to the concatenated conserved proteins, and maximum likelihood was used to generate relationships from the results of the alignment. While it is not possible to prove that the genetic relationships among the 527 GN bacterial plasmids obtained in this study are correct, replication of identical results produced in a separate study for a small group of IncA/C plasmids provides evidence that the approach used can correctly predict genetic relationships. In addition, results obtained for clusters of Borrelia plasmids are consistent with the expected exclusivity for plasmids from this genus. Finally, the 527-plasmid tree was used to study the distribution of four common antibiotic resistance genes.

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Title: Genetic relationships among 527 Gram-negative bacterial plasmids
Creators: Yunyun Zhou - School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Douglas R Call - School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Shira L Broschat - School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Publication Details: Plasmid, Vol.68(2), pp.133-141
Academic Unit: Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health; Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, School of
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Identifiers: 99900547338001842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article