Journal article
Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis
Journal of educational psychology, Vol.106(4), pp.901-918
11/2014
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/120718
Abstract
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer programs that model learners' psychological states to provide individualized instruction. They have been developed for diverse subject areas (e.g., algebra, medicine, law, reading) to help learners acquire domain-specific, cognitive and metacognitive knowledge. A meta-analysis was conducted on research that compared the outcomes from students learning from ITS to those learning from non-ITS learning environments. The meta-analysis examined how effect sizes varied with type of ITS, type of comparison treatment received by learners, type of learning outcome, whether knowledge to be learned was procedural or declarative, and other factors. After a search of major bibliographic databases, 107 effect sizes involving 14,321 participants were extracted and analyzed. The use of ITS was associated with greater achievement in comparison with teacher-led, large-group instruction (g = .42), non-ITS computer-based instruction (g = .57), and textbooks or workbooks (g = .35). There was no significant difference between learning from ITS and learning from individualized human tutoring (g = -.11) or small-group instruction (g = .05). Significant, positive mean effect sizes were found regardless of whether the ITS was used as the principal means of instruction, a supplement to teacher-led instruction, an integral component of teacher-led instruction, or an aid to homework. Significant, positive effect sizes were found at all levels of education, in almost all subject domains evaluated, and whether or not the ITS provided feedback or modeled student misconceptions. The claim that ITS are relatively effective tools for learning is consistent with our analysis of potential publication bias.
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Details
- Title
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis
- Creators
- Wenting Ma - Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser UniversityOlusola O Adesope - Educational Psychology Program, Department of Educational Leadership, Sport Studies, and Educational/Counseling Psychology, College of Education, Washington State UniversityJohn C Nesbit - Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser UniversityQing Liu - Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University
- Contributors
- Steve Graham (Editor)Arthur C Graesser (Editor)
- Publication Details
- Journal of educational psychology, Vol.106(4), pp.901-918
- Academic Unit
- Education, College of
- Publisher
- American Psychological Association
- Identifiers
- 99900601053801842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article