Journal article
Invasion and Persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis during Early Stages of Johne's Disease in Calves
Infection and immunity, Vol.75(5), pp.2110-2119
05/2007
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/113425
PMCID: PMC1865790
PMID: 17296749
Abstract
Infection with
Mycobacterium avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
causes Johne's disease in cattle and is a serious problem for the dairy industry worldwide. Development of models to mimic aspects of Johne's disease remains an elusive goal because of the chronic nature of the disease. In this report, we describe a surgical approach employed to characterize the very early stages of infection of calves with
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
. To our surprise, strains of
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
were able to traverse the intestinal tissues within 1 h of infection in order to colonize distant organs, such as the liver and lymph nodes. Both the ileum and the mesenteric lymph nodes were persistently infected for months following intestinal deposition of
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
despite a lack of fecal shedding of mycobacteria. During the first 9 months of infection, humoral immune responses were not detected. Nonetheless, using flow cytometric analysis, we detected a significant change in the cells participating in the inflammatory responses of infected calves compared to cells in a control animal. Additionally, the levels of cytokines detected in both the ileum and the lymph nodes indicated that there were TH1-type-associated cellular responses but not TH2-type-associated humoral responses. Finally, surgical inoculation of a wild-type strain and a mutant
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
strain (with an inactivated
gcpE
gene) demonstrated the ability of the model which we developed to differentiate between the wild-type strain and a mutant strain of
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
deficient in tissue colonization and invasion. Overall, novel insights into the early stages of Johne's disease were obtained, and a practical model of mycobacterial invasiveness was developed. A similar approach can be used for other enteric bacteria.
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Details
- Title
- Invasion and Persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis during Early Stages of Johne's Disease in Calves
- Creators
- Chia-wei Wu - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesMichael Livesey - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesShelly K Schmoller - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesElizabeth J. B Manning - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesHoward Steinberg - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesWilliam C Davis - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesMary Jo Hamilton - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological SciencesAdel M Talaat - The Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Department of Pathobiological Sciences
- Publication Details
- Infection and immunity, Vol.75(5), pp.2110-2119
- Academic Unit
- Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Department of
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Identifiers
- 99900548163501842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article