Loss of Arabidopsis thaliana Seed Dormancy is Associated with Increased Accumulation of the GID1 GA Hormone Receptors

Amber L Hauvermale; Keiko M Tuttle; Yumiko Takebayashi; Mitsunori Seo; Camille M Steber

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcv084

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Loss of Arabidopsis thaliana Seed Dormancy is Associated with Increased Accumulation of the GID1 GA Hormone Receptors

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Loss of Arabidopsis thaliana Seed Dormancy is Associated with Increased Accumulation of the GID1 GA Hormone Receptors

Amber L Hauvermale, Keiko M Tuttle, Yumiko Takebayashi, Mitsunori Seo and Camille M Steber

Plant and cell physiology, Vol.56(9), pp.1773-1785

09/2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv084

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https://hdl.handle.net/2376/104835

PMID: 26136598

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Abstract

Seeds - radiation effects

Arabidopsis - physiology

Gene Expression Profiling

RNA, Messenger - metabolism

Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism

Arabidopsis - radiation effects

Gibberellins - metabolism

Light

Plants, Genetically Modified

Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics

Cold Temperature

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - radiation effects

Arabidopsis - drug effects

Proteasome Inhibitors - pharmacology

Seeds - drug effects

RNA, Messenger - genetics

Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism

Mutation - genetics

Plant Dormancy - drug effects

Arabidopsis - genetics

Leupeptins - pharmacology

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects

Gibberellins - biosynthesis

Seeds - physiology

Plant Dormancy - genetics

Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex - metabolism

Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology

Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics

Dormancy prevents seeds from germinating under favorable conditions until they have experienced dormancy-breaking conditions, such as after-ripening through a period of dry storage or cold imbibition. Abscisic acid (ABA) hormone signaling establishes and maintains seed dormancy, whereas gibberellin (GA) signaling stimulates germination. ABA levels decrease and GA levels increase with after-ripening and cold stratification. However, increasing GA sensitivity may also be critical to dormancy loss since increasing seed GA levels are detectable only with long periods of after-ripening and imbibition. After-ripening and cold stratification act additively to enhance GA hormone sensitivity in ga1-3 seeds that cannot synthesize GA. Since the overexpression of the GA receptor GID1 (GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1) enhanced this dormancy loss, and because gid1a gid1b gid1c triple mutants show decreased germination, the effects of dormancy-breaking treatments on GID1 mRNA and protein accumulation were examined. Partial after-ripening resulted in increased GID1b, but not GID1a or GID1c mRNA levels. Cold imbibition stimulated the accumulation of all three GID1 transcripts, but resulted in no increase in GA sensitivity during ga1-3 seed germination unless seeds were also partially after-ripened. This is probably because after-ripening was needed to enhance GID1 protein accumulation, independently of transcript abundance. The rise in GID1b transcript with after-ripening was not associated with decreased ABA levels, suggesting there is ABA-independent GID1b regulation by after-ripening and the 26S proteasome. GA and the DELLA RGL2 repressor of GA responses differentially regulated the three GID1 transcripts. Moreover, DELLA RGL2 appeared to switch between positive and negative regulation of GID1 expression in response to dormancy-breaking treatments.

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Title: Loss of Arabidopsis thaliana Seed Dormancy is Associated with Increased Accumulation of the GID1 GA Hormone Receptors
Creators: Amber L Hauvermale - Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA
Keiko M Tuttle - Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA
Yumiko Takebayashi - RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Mitsunori Seo - RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Camille M Steber - Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA USDA-ARS, Wheat Genetics, Quality, Physiology, and Disease Research Unit, Pullman, WA, USA csteber@wsu.edu
Publication Details: Plant and cell physiology, Vol.56(9), pp.1773-1785
Academic Unit: Crop and Soil Sciences, Department of
Publisher: Japan
Identifiers: 99900546880901842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article