Journal article
Microwave Sintered 3D Printed Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, Vol.7(8), pp.631-641
08/2013
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/100760
PMCID: PMC4182013
PMID: 22396130
Abstract
We report here the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) interconnected macro porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds with controlled internal architecture by direct 3D printing (3DP), and high mechanical strength by microwave sintering. TCP scaffolds with 27%, 35% and 41% designed macro porosity having pore sizes of 500 μm, 750 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively, have been fabricated via direct 3DP. These scaffolds are then sintered at 1150 °C and 1250 °C in conventional electric muffle furnace as well as microwave furnace. Total open porosity between 42% and 63% is obtained in the sintered scaffolds due to the presence of intrinsic micro pores along with the designed pores. A significant increase in compressive strength, between 46% and 69%, is achieved by microwave sintering as compared to conventional sintering as a result of efficient densification. A maximum compressive strength of 10.95 ± 1.28 MPa and 6.62 ± 0.67 MPa is achieved for scaffolds with 500 μm designed pores (~400 μm after sintering) sintered in microwave and conventional furnaces, respectively. An increase in cell density with a decrease in macro pore size is observed during
in vitro
cell-material interactions using human osteoblast cells. Histomorphological analysis reveals that the presence of both micro and macro pores facilitated osteoid like new bone formation when tested in the femoral defect on Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results show that bioresorbable 3D printed TCP scaffolds have great potential in tissue engineering applications for bone tissue repair and regeneration.
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Details
- Title
- Microwave Sintered 3D Printed Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
- Creators
- Solaiman Tarafder - W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringVamsi Krishna Balla - W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringNeal M Davies - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USAAmit Bandyopadhyay - W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringSusmita Bose - W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
- Publication Details
- Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, Vol.7(8), pp.631-641
- Academic Unit
- Mechanical and Materials Engineering, School of
- Identifiers
- 99900546505301842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article