Morphological classification of plant cell deaths

W G van Doorn; E P Beers; J L Dangl; V E Franklin-Tong; P Gallois; I Hara-Nishimura; A M Jones; M Kawai-Yamada; E Lam; J Mundy; L A J Mur; M Petersen; A Smertenko; M Taliansky; F Van Breusegem; T Wolpert; E Woltering; B Zhivotovsky; P V Bozhkov

doi:10.1038/cdd.2011.36

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Morphological classification of plant cell deaths

Journal article

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Morphological classification of plant cell deaths

W G van Doorn, E P Beers, J L Dangl, V E Franklin-Tong, P Gallois, I Hara-Nishimura, A M Jones, M Kawai-Yamada, E Lam, J Mundy, …

Cell death and differentiation, Vol.18(8), pp.1241-1246

08/2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2011.36

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https://hdl.handle.net/2376/108384

PMCID: PMC3172093

PMID: 21494263

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Abstract

hypersensitive response

autophagy

vacuolar cell death

necrosis

apoptosis

Review

cell wall

Programmed cell death (PCD) is an integral part of plant development and of responses to abiotic stress or pathogens. Although the morphology of plant PCD is, in some cases, well characterised and molecular mechanisms controlling plant PCD are beginning to emerge, there is still confusion about the classification of PCD in plants. Here we suggest a classification based on morphological criteria. According to this classification, the use of the term ‘apoptosis' is not justified in plants, but at least two classes of PCD can be distinguished: vacuolar cell death and necrosis. During vacuolar cell death, the cell contents are removed by a combination of autophagy-like process and release of hydrolases from collapsed lytic vacuoles. Necrosis is characterised by early rupture of the plasma membrane, shrinkage of the protoplast and absence of vacuolar cell death features. Vacuolar cell death is common during tissue and organ formation and elimination, whereas necrosis is typically found under abiotic stress. Some examples of plant PCD cannot be ascribed to either major class and are therefore classified as separate modalities. These are PCD associated with the hypersensitive response to biotrophic pathogens, which can express features of both necrosis and vacuolar cell death, PCD in starchy cereal endosperm and during self-incompatibility. The present classification is not static, but will be subject to further revision, especially when specific biochemical pathways are better defined.

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Title: Morphological classification of plant cell deaths
Creators: W G van Doorn - , Davis, CA 95616
E P Beers - , Blacksburg, VA 24061
J L Dangl - , Chapel Hill, NC 27599
V E Franklin-Tong - , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
P Gallois - , Manchester M13 9PT
I Hara-Nishimura - , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502
A M Jones - , Chapel Hill, NC 27599
M Kawai-Yamada - , Saitama 338-8570
E Lam - , 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
J Mundy - , Ole Maaloes Vej 5, 220 Copenhagen
L A J Mur - , Aberystwyth, Wales SY23 3DA
M Petersen - , Ole Maaloes Vej 5, 220 Copenhagen
A Smertenko - , South Road, Durham DH1 3LE
M Taliansky - , Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA
F Van Breusegem - , Technologiepark 927, Ghent 9052
T Wolpert - , Corvallis, OR 97330
E Woltering - , Wageningen 6708
B Zhivotovsky - , Box 210, Stockholm171 77
P V Bozhkov - , Box 7080, Uppsala 75007
Publication Details: Cell death and differentiation, Vol.18(8), pp.1241-1246
Academic Unit: Biological Chemistry, Institute of
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
Identifiers: 99900547520401842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article