Journal article
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that Caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013-14
Phytopathology, Vol.105(7), pp.917-928
07/2015
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/108773
PMID: 25775107
Abstract
A severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, 'Digalu'. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection. Based on the analyses of 106 single-pustule isolates derived from these samples, four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were identified: TKTTF, TTKSK, RRTTF, and JRCQC. Race TKTTF was found to be the primary cause of the epidemic in the southeastern zones of Bale and Arsi. Isolates of race TKTTF were first identified in samples collected in early October 2013 from West Arsi. It was the sole or predominant race in 31 samples collected from Bale and Arsi zones after the stem rust epidemic was established. Race TTKSK was recovered from 15 samples from Bale and Arsi zones at low frequencies. Genotyping indicated that isolates of race TKTTF belongs to a genetic lineage that is different from the Ug99 race group and is composed of two distinct genetic types. Results from evaluation of selected germplasm indicated that some cultivars and breeding lines resistant to the Ug99 race group are susceptible to race TKTTF. Appearance of race TKTTF and the ensuing epidemic underlines the continuing threats and challenges posed by stem rust not only in East Africa but also to wider-scale wheat production.
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- Title
- Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that Caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013-14
- Creators
- Pablo Olivera - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMaria Newcomb - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoLes J Szabo - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMatthew Rouse - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoJerry Johnson - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoSamuel Gale - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoDouglas G Luster - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoDavid Hodson - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoJames A Cox - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoLaura Burgin - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMatt Hort - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoChristopher A Gilligan - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMehran Patpour - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoAnnemarie F Justesen - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMogens S Hovmøller - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoGetaneh Woldeab - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoEndale Hailu - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoBekele Hundie - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoKebede Tadesse - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoMichael Pumphrey - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoRavi P Singh - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., MexicoYue Jin - First and second authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and twenty-second authors: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; seventh author: USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702; eighth author: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ninth and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; tenth and eleventh authors: U.K. Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth authors: Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg, DK4200 Slagelse, Denmark; sixteenth and seventeenth authors: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia; eighteenth author: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Assela, Ethiopia; nineteenth and twentieth authors: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164; and twenty-first author: CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
- Publication Details
- Phytopathology, Vol.105(7), pp.917-928
- Academic Unit
- Crop and Soil Sciences, Department of
- Publisher
- United States
- Identifiers
- 99900547128901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article