Journal article
Population-level toxicity of the insecticide, spinosad and the nonylphenol polyethoxylate, R-11, to the cladoceran species Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard
Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes, Vol.46(4), pp.336-340
04/29/2011
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/107799
PMID: 21512932
Abstract
The effects of the natural insecticide, spinosad, and the agricultural adjuvant, R-11, were evaluated on populations of the water flea, Ceriodaphnia dubia after chronic 8-day exposures. The number of individuals used to start the chronic exposure studies (founders) and the number of offspring/surviving female were significantly reduced after exposure to spinosad concentrations ⩾ 2.5 μg/L. The final number of individuals was significantly reduced after exposure to spinosad concentrations ⩾ 1.0 μg/L. Population growth rate was significantly reduced after exposure to spinosad concentrations ⩾ 1 μg/L. Extinction occurred (defined as negative population growth rate) after exposure to spinosad concentrations of 10 μg/L. Therefore, negative effects were observed in C. dubia after exposure to spinosad at a concentration near the chronic expected environmental concentration (EEC) of 2.3 μg/L. R-11 was much less toxic to C. dubia than spinosad. The number of founders was not significantly reduced until C. dubia were exposed to 12,000 μg/L. The number of offspring/surviving female, final number of individuals, and population growth rate were significantly reduced after exposure to R-11 concentrations ⩾ 5,000 μg/L. Extinction occurred after exposure to R-11 concentrations of 12,000 μg/L which was above the EEC of 790 μg/L. These results indicate that spinosad and R-11 both have lethal and sublethal effects on C. dubia. However, spinosad appears to affect C. dubia at or near the EEC while R-11 does not negatively affect this species until concentrations are much higher than the EEC.
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Details
- Title
- Population-level toxicity of the insecticide, spinosad and the nonylphenol polyethoxylate, R-11, to the cladoceran species Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard
- Creators
- Angela D Deardorff - Department of Entomology , Washington State UniversityJohn D Stark - Department of Entomology , Washington State University
- Publication Details
- Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes, Vol.46(4), pp.336-340
- Academic Unit
- Entomology, Department of
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis Group
- Identifiers
- 99900546725201842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article