Journal article
Reproductive Potential: Its Influence on the Susceptibility of a Species to Pesticides
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, Vol.37(3), pp.273-279
1997
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/117577
PMID: 9378095
Abstract
Acute lethal concentration estimates (72-hr LC
50) and population growth rates (7-day instantaneous rate of increase) of two mite species, an herbivore, the two-spotted spider mite
Tetranychus urticaeKoch, and the generalist predator mite
Iphiseius degeneransBerlese, were developed after exposure to two pesticides, dicofol and Neemix. For each pesticide, LC
50estimates for both species were similar, yet the two species exhibited completely different susceptibility when population growth rate was the endpoint evaluated;
I. degeneranswas much more susceptible than
T. urticaeto either pesticide. For example, populations of
I. degeneransbecame extinct after exposure to 250-ppm azadirachtin, the active ingredient in Neemix, while
T. urticaepopulations became extinct after exposure to 1000 ppm. A similar relationship was found for dicofol. The no observable effect concentration (NOEC) for population growth rates after Neemix exposure was 4 ppm for
I. degeneransand 125 ppm for
T. urticae.These NOEC values were equivalent to the acute LC
2for the immature stage of
I. degeneransand the acute LC
65for the immature stage of
T. urticae.Consequently, populations of
T. urticaewere able to compensate for high losses of individuals while
I. degeneranspopulations could not compensate for losses. An analysis of reproduction data indicated that unexposed
T. urticaeproduced four to five times more offspring than
I. degenerans.This in itself was important because it indicated that
I. degeneranswas intrinsically more susceptible than
T. urticaebecause similar effects on reproduction would be more devastating to the species with a lower reproductive rate. Results indicate that a species' reproductive potential can greatly influence its susceptibility to toxicants.
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Details
- Title
- Reproductive Potential: Its Influence on the Susceptibility of a Species to Pesticides
- Creators
- John D Stark - Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WashingtonLynell Tanigoshi - Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WashingtonMalika Bounfour - Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WashingtonArthur Antonelli - Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington
- Publication Details
- Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, Vol.37(3), pp.273-279
- Academic Unit
- Entomology, Department of
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Identifiers
- 99900547907901842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article