Journal article
Sleep: A synchrony of cell activity-driven small network states
The European journal of neuroscience, Vol.38(2), pp.2199-2209
07/2013
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/104924
PMCID: PMC3713192
PMID: 23651209
Abstract
We posit a bottom-up sleep regulatory paradigm in which state changes are initiated within small networks as a consequence of local cell activity. Bottom-up regulatory mechanisms are prevalent throughout nature, occurring in vastly different systems and levels of organization. Synchronization of state without top-down regulation is a fundamental property of large collections of small semi-autonomous entities. We posit that such synchronization mechanisms are sufficient and necessary for whole organism sleep onset. Within brain we posit that small networks of highly interconnected neurons and glia, e.g. cortical columns, are semi-autonomous units oscillating between sleep-like and wake-like states. We review evidence showing that cells, small networks, and regional areas of brain share sleep-like properties with whole animal sleep. A testable hypothesis focused on how sleep is initiated within local networks is presented. We posit that the release of cell activity-dependent molecules, such as ATP and nitric oxide, into the extracellular space initiates state changes within the local networks where they are produced. We review mechanisms of ATP induction of sleep regulatory substances (SRS) and their actions on receptor trafficking. Finally, we provide an example of how such local metabolic and state changes provide mechanistic explanations for clinical conditions such as insomnia.
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Details
- Title
- Sleep: A synchrony of cell activity-driven small network states
- Creators
- James M Krueger - Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State UniversityYanhua Huang - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDavid M Rector - Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State UniversityDaniel J Buysse - Sleep Medicine Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
- Publication Details
- The European journal of neuroscience, Vol.38(2), pp.2199-2209
- Academic Unit
- Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of
- Grant note
- R01 HD036520 || HD / National Institute of Child Health & Human Development : NICHD R01 NS025378 || NS / National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke : NINDS
- Identifiers
- 99900546939001842
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article